List of communist parties

     Official ruling parties in communist states
     Communist parties as ruling parties or part of a governing coalition in multi-party states
     Formerly ruled under a one-party system
     Formerly ruled under a parliamentary majority or minority government
     Formerly ruled as a coalition partner or supporter
     Parts of countries formerly ruled under a one-party system

There are a number of communist parties active in various countries across the world and a number that used to be active. They differ not only in method, but also in strict ideology and interpretation, although they are generally within the tradition of Marxism–Leninism.

The formation of communist parties in various countries was first initiated by the Russian Bolsheviks within the Communist International. Since then, communist parties have governed numerous countries, whether as ruling parties in one-party states like the Chinese Communist Party or the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, or as ruling parties in multi-party systems, including majority and minority governments as well as leading or being part of several coalitions.

Many other communist parties did not govern any country, but did govern a state or region within a country. Others have also been represented in national, state, or regional parliaments. Some communist parties and schools of thought reject parliamentarism, instead advocating insurrection or social revolution as well as workers' councils.

Officially ruling in communist states

In the following countries, communist parties either lead the ruling coalition or hold monopoly on state power as defined by their respective country's constitutions.

Country	Name	Abbr.	Leader	Founded	Ideology	Legislature	Notes
China	Communist Party of China 中国共产党	CPC 中共	Xi Jinping	1 July 1921 (1921-07-01)	Socialism with Chinese characteristics Marxism–Leninism Mao Zedong Thought Deng Xiaoping Theory Three Represents Scientific Outlook on Development Xi Jinping Thought Socialist patriotism	National People's Congress: 2,103 / 2,980
Cuba	Communist Party of Cuba Partido Comunista de Cuba	PCC	Miguel Díaz-Canel	3 October 1965 (1965-10-03)	Marxism–Leninism Left-wing nationalism Castroism Guevarism Socialist patriotism	National Assembly: 442 / 470	Leads the Committees for the Defense of the Revolution
Laos	Lao People's Revolutionary Party ພັກປະຊາຊົນປະຕິວັດລາວ	LPRP ພປປລ	Thongloun Sisoulith	22 May 1955 (1955-05-22)	Marxism–Leninism Kaysone Phomvihane Thought	National Assembly: 158 / 164	Leads the Lao Front for National Development
North Korea	Workers' Party of Korea 조선로동당	WPK 로동당	Kim Jong Un	24 June 1948 (1948-06-24)	Kimilsungism–Kimjongilism	Supreme People's Assembly: 607 / 687
Vietnam	Communist Party of Vietnam Đảng Cộng sản Việt Nam	CPV ĐCSVN	Tô Lâm	3 February 1930 (1930-02-03)	Marxism–Leninism Ho Chi Minh Thought Socialist patriotism Vietnamese nationalism	National Assembly: 485 / 499	Leads the Vietnamese Fatherland Front

Ruling or part of ruling coalition in multi-party states

Country	Name	Abbr.	Leader	Founded	Ideology	Legislature	Notes
Belarus	Communist Party of Belarus Камуністычная партыя Беларусі	CPB КПБ	Aliaksiej Sokal	2 November 1996 (1996-11-02)	Marxism–Leninism Soviet patriotism Belarusian–Russian unionism Pro-Lukashenko	House of Representatives: 7 / 110	Supports the government of president Alexander Lukashenko
Brazil	Communist Party of Brazil Partido Comunista do Brasil	PCdoB	Luciana Santos	25 March 1922	Marxism–Leninism	Chamber of Deputies: 6 / 513	Member of the ruling federation, Brazil of Hope
Chile	Communist Party of Chile Partido Comunista de Chile	PCCh	Guillermo Teillier	4 June 1912 (1912-06-04)	Marxism–Leninism Left-wing populism	Chamber of Deputies: 12 / 155	Member of the ruling Apruebo Dignidad coalition
Colombia	Colombian Communist Party Partido Comunista Colombiano	PCC	Jaime Caycedo	1930	Marxism–Leninism Bolivarianism	Chamber of Representatives: 0 / 188 Senate: 0 / 108	Member of the ruling Historic Pact for Colombia
Colombia	Commons Comunes		Timoleón Jiménez	1 September 2017	Marxism–Leninism Bolivarianism	Chamber of Representatives: 5 / 188 Senate: 5 / 108	Member of the ruling Historic Pact for Colombia
Nepal	Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist) नेपाल कम्युनिष्ट पार्टी (एकीकृत मार्क्सवादी-लेनिनवादी)	CPN (UML)	KP Sharma Oli	6 January 1991 (1991-01-06)	Marxism–Leninism People's Multiparty Democracy	House of Representatives: 79 / 275 National Assembly: 17 / 59
Palestine	Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine الجبهة الشعبية لتحرير فلسطين	PFLP	Ahmad Sa'adat	11 December 1967 (1967-12-11)	Palestinian nationalism Marxism–Leninism Revolutionary socialism One-state solution Anti-Zionism Secularism Anti-imperialism Pan-Arabism Arab nationalism	Legislative Council: 3 / 132	Member of the PLO
	Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine الجبهة الشعبية لتحرير فلسطين	DFLP	Nayef Hawatmeh	1969 (1969)	Marxism–Leninism Maoism Palestinian nationalism Left-wing nationalism Anti-Zionism	Legislative Council: 1 / 132
	Palestinian People's Party حزب الشعب الفلسطيني	PPP	Bassam Al-Salhi	February 1982 (1982-02)	Marxism Palestinian nationalism Left-wing nationalism	Legislative Council: 1 / 132
South Africa	South African Communist Party	SACP	Blade Nzimande	12 February 1921 (1921-02-12)	Marxism–Leninism Left-wing nationalism	National Assembly: 0 / 400	Participates in the ruling Tripartite Alliance
Spain	Communist Party of Spain Partido Comunista de España	PCE	Enrique Santiago	14 November 1921 (1921-11-14)	Marxism–Leninism Republicanism Internationalism Federalism	Congress of Deputies: 7 / 350	Member of United Left, which participates in the PSOE–Sumar coalition government
Sri Lanka	Peoples Liberation Front ජනතා විමුක්ති පෙරමුණ	JVP	Anura Kumara Dissanayake				Winner of the 2024 presidential election
Syria	Syrian Communist Party الحزب الشيوعي السوري	SCP	Ammar Bakdash	1986 (1986)	Marxism–Leninism Anti-revisionism	People's Assembly: 2 / 250	Participates in the ruling National Progressive Front
Syria	Syrian Communist Party (Unified) الحزب الشيوعي السوري (الموحد)	SCP(U)	Hanin Nimir	1986 (1986)	Marxism–Leninism	People's Assembly: 2 / 250	Participates in the ruling National Progressive Front
Tajikistan	Communist Party of Tajikistan Ҳизби Коммунистии Тоҷикистон	CPT	Miroj Abdulloyev	1924	Marxism–Leninism Soviet patriotism	Assembly of Representatives: 2 / 63	External support to government
Venezuela	Revolutionary Movement Tupamaro Movimiento Revolucionario Tupamaro	MRT	Oswaldo Jiménez	1992 (1992)	Marxism-Leninism Guevarism Foco theory Left-wing nationalism Revolutionary socialism	Chamber of Deputies: 7 / 277	Participates in the ruling Great Patriotic Pole
	Venezuelan Popular Unity Unidad Popular Venezolana	UPV	Lina Ron	6 February 2004 (2004-02-06)	Bolivarianism Socialism Anti-imperialism Marxism	Chamber of Deputies: 2 / 277
	Venezuelan Revolutionary Currents Corrientes Revolucionarias Venezolanas	CRV	Ramsés Augusto Reyes Colmenares [es]	2000 (2000)	Guevarism Chavismo Anti-imperialism Left-wing nationalism	Chamber of Deputies: 0 / 277

Opposition parties in multi-party states

Country	Name	Abbr.	Leader	Founded	Ideology	Legislature	Notes
Argentina	Revolutionary Communist Party	PCR	Otto Vargas				Member of the Unión por la Patria
Cyprus	Progressive Party of Working People Anorthotikó Kómma Ergazómenou Laoú	AKEL	Stefanos Stefanou	15 August 1926 (1926-08-15)	Marxism–Leninism Pacifism Cypriot nationalism Federalism Soft euroscepticism	House of Representatives: 15 / 56
France	French Communist Party Parti communiste français	PCF	Fabien Roussel	30 December 1920	Marxism–Leninism Soft Euroscepticism	National Assembly: 12 / 577	Member of the non-ruling New Popular Front 180 / 577
India	Communist Party of India (Marxist)	CPI(M)	Vaccant		Marxism–Leninism	Rajya Sabha: 5 / 245 Lok Sabha: 4 / 543	Member of non-organisational bloc Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance
	Communist Party of India	CPI	D. Raja		Marxism	Rajya Sabha: 2 / 245 Lok Sabha: 2 / 543	Member of non-organisational bloc Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance
	Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation	CPIML-L	Dipankar Bhattacharya		Marxism Marxism–Leninism	Lok Sabha: 2 / 543	Member of non-organisational bloc Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance
Moldova	Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova Partidul Comuniștilor din Republica Moldova	PCRM	Vladimir Voronin	19 October 1993 (1993-10-19)	Marxism–Leninism Moldovenism Social conservatism Soviet patriotism Russophilia	Parliament: 10 / 101	Member of BECS
Nepal	Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre) नेपाल कम्युनिष्ट पार्टी (माओवादी केन्द्र)	CPN (Maoist) नेकपा (माओवादी)	Pushpa Kamal Dahal	1994 (1994)	Prachanda Path Left-wing nationalism	House of Representatives: 32 / 275
Nepal	Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Socialist) नेपाल कम्युनिष्ट पार्टी (एकीकृत-समाजवादी)	CPN (Unified Socialist) नकप (एकीकृत-समाजवादी)	Madhav Kumar Nepal	18 August 2021 (2021-08-18)	Marxism–Leninism People's Multiparty Democracy	House of Representatives: 10 / 275
Russia	Communist Party of the Russian Federation Коммунистическая Партия Российской Федерации	CPRF	Gennady Zyuganov	14 February 1993 (1993-02-14)	Marxism–Leninism Left-wing nationalism Social conservatism Soviet patriotism Neo-Stalinism	State Duma: 57 / 450 Federation Council: 4 / 178
Transnistria	Transnistrian Communist Party Приднестровская коммунистическая партия	PKP	Nadezhda Bondarenko		Marxism-Leninism		No members in parliament but only opposition party with the second position in the votes
Uruguay	Communist Party of Uruguay Partido Comunista del Uruguay	PCU	Juan Castillo	19 September 1920 (1920-09-19)	Marxism–Leninism Internationalism	Chamber of Representatives: 6 / 99	Member of the Broad Front 42 / 99
	Movement of Popular Participation Movimiento de Participación Popular	MPP	José Mujica	6 April 1989 (1989-04-06)	Marxism–Leninism Anti-capitalism Socialism of the 21st century Democratic socialism Progressivism	Chamber of Representatives: 25 / 99
	People's Victory Party Partido por la Victoria del Pueblo	PVP		July 1975	Marxism Guevarism Libertarian socialism Anti-capitalism Anti-authoritarianism	Chamber of Representatives: 1 / 99

Formerly ruling

One-party system

Country	Name	Abbr.	Leaders	Founded	Dissolved	Ideology	Notes
Afghanistan (1978–1992)	People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan حزب دموکراتيک خلق افغانستان د افغانستان د خلق دموکراټیک ګوند	PDPA	Nur Muhammad Taraki (first) Mohammad Najibullah (last)	1 January 1965 (1965-01-01)	16 April 1992 (1992-04-16)	Marxism–Leninism Left-wing nationalism Secularism Revolutionary socialism	Abandoned Marxism–Leninism in 1987, deposed in 1992
Albania (1946–1992)	Party of Labour of Albania Partia e Punës e Shqipërisë	PPSh	Enver Hoxha (first) Ramiz Alia (last)	8 November 1941 (1941-11-08)	13 June 1991 (1991-06-13)	Marxism–Leninism Hoxhaism Stalinism Anti-revisionism	Abandoned Marxism–Leninism for social democracy in 1991 and now known as the Socialist Party of Albania
Angola (1975–1992)	People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola Movimento Popular de Libertação de Angola	MPLA	Agostinho Neto (first) João Lourenço (current)	10 December 1956 (1956-12-10)		Marxism–Leninism	Abandoned Marxism–Leninism for social democracy
Azerbaijan People's Government (1945–1946)	Azerbaijani Democratic Party Azərbaycan Demokrat Firqəsi فرقه دموکرات آذربایجان<	ADP ADF فدآ<	Ja'far Pishevari	3 September 1945 (1945-09-03)	1960 (1960)	Marxism–Leninism Azerbaijani nationalism Left-wing nationalism Pan-Turkism	Ceased to exist in exile
Benin (1975–1990)	People's Revolutionary Party of Benin Parti de la révolution populaire du Bénin	PRPB	Mathieu Kérékou	30 November 1975 (1975-11-30)	30 April 1990 (1990-04-30)	Marxism–Leninism Scientific socialism Beninese nationalism	Abandoned Marxism–Leninism for social democracy and is now known as the Union of Forces of Progress
Bulgaria (1946–1990)	Bulgarian Communist Party Българска комунистическа партия	PRPB БКП	Dimitar Blagoev (first) Aleksandar Lilov (last)	27 May 1919 (1919-05-27)	3 April 1990 (1990-04-03)	Marxism–Leninism Stalinism (until 1956)	Abandoned Marxism–Leninism for social democracy and is now known as the Bulgarian Socialist Party
Cambodia (1975–1979)	Communist Party of Kampuchea បក្សកុម្មុយនីស្តកម្ពុជា	CPK ប.ក.ក	Tou Samouth (first) Pol Pot (last)	30 September 1960 (1960-09-30)	6 December 1981 (1981-12-06)	Maoism Khmer nationalism Agrarianism Anti-intellectualism Autarky	Succeeded by the exiled, non-ruling and now defunct Party of Democratic Kampuchea
Cambodia (1979–1992)	Kampuchean People's Revolutionary Party គណបក្សប្រជាជនបដិវត្តន៍កម្ពុជា	KPRP	Pen Sovan (first) Heng Samrin (last)	28 June 1951 (1951-06-28) 5 January 1979 (1979-01-05)	17 October 1991 (1991-10-17)	Marxism–Leninism Revisionism	Abandoned Marxism–Leninism for centrism and is now known as the Cambodian People's Party
Cape Verde (1981–1990)	African Party for the Independence of Cape Verde	PAICV	Aristides Pereira	20 January 1981		Marxism–Leninism Left-wing nationalism	Abandoned Marxism–Leninism for democratic socialism
Congo (1979–1992)	Congolese Party of Labour Parti congolais du travail	PCT	Marien Ngouabi (first) Denis Sassou Nguesso (current)	29 December 1969 (1969-12-29)		Marxism–Leninism Scientific socialism	Abandoned Marxism–Leninism for social democracy
Croatia (1945–1990)	League of Communists of Croatia Savez komunista Hrvatske	SKH	Pavle Gregorić (first) Ivica Račan (last)	1 August 1937 (1937-08-01)	3 November 1990 (1990-11-03)	Marxism–Leninism Titoism (from 1948)	Abandoned Marxism–Leninism and Titoism for social democracy in 1989–1990 and is now known as the Social Democratic Party of Croatia
Czechoslovakia (1948–1990)	Communist Party of Czechoslovakia Komunistická strana Československa	KSČ	Václav Šturc (first) Ladislav Adamec (last)	16 May 1921 (1921-05-16)	3 November 1992 (1992-11-03)	Marxism–Leninism Socialism with a human face (1968) Husakism (1969–1989)	Split into the non-ruling Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia and the social democratic Party of the Democratic Left (Slovakia)
Ethiopia (1979–1984)	Commission for Organizing the Party of the Working People of Ethiopia የኢትዮጵያ የሥራ ሕዝብ ፓርቲ የማደራጀት ኮሚሽን	COPWE	Mengistu Haile Mariam	17 December 1979 (1979-12-17)	12 September 1984 (1984-09-12)	Marxism–Leninism	Succeeded by the Workers' Party of Ethiopia
Ethiopia (1984–1991)	Workers' Party of Ethiopia የኢትዮጵያ ሠራተኞች ፓርቲ	WPE የሠፓ	Mengistu Haile Mariam	12 September 1984 (1984-09-12)	21 May 1991 (1991-05-21)	Marxism–Leninism	Deposed in 1991
East Germany (1949–1989)	Socialist Unity Party of Germany Sozialistische Einheitspartei Deutschlands	SED	Wilhelm Pieck & Otto Grotewohl (first) Egon Krenz (last)	21 April 1946 (1946-04-21)	16 December 1989 (1989-12-16)	Marxism–Leninism Socialist patriotism Stalinism (until 1956)	Became the Party of Democratic Socialism and is now a part of The Left
Greece (1944, 1947–1949)	Communist Party of Greece Κομμουνιστικό Κόμμα Ελλάδας	KKE ΚΚΕ	Avraam Benaroya (first) Dimitris Koutsoumpas (current)	17 November 1918 (1918-11-17)		Marxism–Leninism Internationalism Anti-capitalism Euroscepticism	Overthrown during the Greek Civil War
Grenada (1979–1983)	New Jewel Movement	NJM	Maurice Bishop	11 March 1973 (1973-03-11)	29 October 1983 (1983-10-29)	Marxism–Leninism State atheism Revolutionary socialism Republicanism Left-wing populism Pan-Africanism Anti-colonialism	Lost power and ceased to exist after an internal party split, a military coup and the American invasion, succeeded by the Maurice Bishop Patriotic Movement
Hungary (1919)	Hungarian Communist Party Magyar Kommunista Párt	MKP	Béla Kun (first) Mátyás Rákosi (last)	24 November 1918 (1918-11-24)	22 July 1948 (1948-07-22)	Marxism–Leninism State atheism Revolutionary socialism Republicanism Stalinism	Deposed in August 1919
Hungary (1948–1989)	Hungarian Communist Party Magyar Kommunista Párt	MKP	Béla Kun (first) Mátyás Rákosi (last)	24 November 1918 (1918-11-24)	22 July 1948 (1948-07-22)		Merged with the Social Democratic Party of Hungary in the Hungarian Working People's Party
	Hungarian Working People's Party Magyar Dolgozók Pártja	MDP	Mátyás Rákosi (first) János Kádár (last)	22 July 1948 (1948-07-22)	31 October 1956 (1956-10-31)	Marxism–Leninism Stalinism	Reorganized into the Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party during the Hungarian Revolution of 1956
	Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party Magyar Szocialista Munkáspárt	MSZMP	János Kádár (first) Rezső Nyers (last)	31 October 1956 (1956-10-31)	7 October 1989 (1989-10-07)	Marxism–Leninism Kádárism	Abandoned Marxism–Leninism for social democracy and is now known as the Hungarian Socialist Party
Madagascar (1976–1992)	Vanguard of the Malagasy Revolution Antokin'ny Revolisiona Malagasy	AREMA	Didier Ratsiraka (first) Annick Zoary Ratsiraka (current)	30 November 1976 (1976-11-30)		Marxism–Leninism Left-wing nationalism	Abandoned Marxism–Leninism for social democracy and is now known as the Malagasy Revolutionary Party
Mongolia (1921–1992)	Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party Монгол Ардын Хувьсгалт Нам	MAKhN МАХН	Damdin Sükhbaatar (first) Luvsannamsrain Oyun-Erdene (current)	25 June 1920 (1920-06-25)		Marxism–Leninism Stalinism (1928-1956)	Abandoned Marxism–Leninism for social democracy
Mozambique (1975–1990)	FRELIMO Party Partido FRELIMO	FRELIMO	Eduardo Mondlane (first) Filipe Nyusi (current)	25 June 1962 (1962-06-25)		Marxism–Leninism Left-wing nationalism	Abandoned Marxism–Leninism for democratic socialism
Poland (1944–1989)	Polish Workers' Party Polska Partia Robotnicza	PPR	Władysław Gomułka	5 January 1942 (1942-01-05)	16 December 1948 (1948-12-16)	Marxism–Leninism Stalinism	Merged with the Polish Socialist Party to form the Polish United Workers' Party
Poland (1944–1989)	Polish United Workers' Party Polska Zjednoczona Partia Robotnicza	PZPR	Bolesław Bierut (first) Mieczysław Rakowski (last)	16 December 1948 (1948-12-16)	30 January 1990 (1990-01-30)	Marxism–Leninism Left-wing nationalism Stalinism (until 1956)	Abandoned Marxism–Leninism for social democracy and later known as the Democratic Left Alliance
Romania (1945–1989)	Romanian Communist Party Partidul Comunist Român	PCR	Gheorghe Cristescu (first) Nicolae Ceaușescu (last)	8 May 1921 (1921-05-08)	22 December 1989 (1989-12-22)	Marxism–Leninism Anti-revisionism Left-wing nationalism Socialist patriotism Neo-Stalinism (post-1971) National Communism (post-1971)	Dissolved after the Romanian Revolution
Somalia (1976–1991)	Somali Revolutionary Socialist Party Xisbiga Hantiwadaagga Kacaanka Soomaaliyeed	XHKS	Siad Barre	26 June 1976 (1976-06-26)	26 January 1992 (1992-01-26)	Marxism–Leninism Islamic socialism Pan-Somalism Scientific socialism Somali nationalism Militarism	Deposed in 1991
Soviet Union (1922–1991)	Communist Party of the Soviet Union Коммунистическая партия Советского Союза	CPSU КПСС	Vladimir Lenin (first) Mikhail Gorbachev (last)	May 1917 (1917-05)	6 November 1991 (1991-11-06)	Leninism (1922–1927) Stalinism (1927–1953) Marxism–Leninism (1953–1991) Soviet patriotism	Banned in 1991, de facto succeeded by UCP-CPSU and CPRF
South Yemen (1967–1990)	National Liberation Front الجبهة القومية للتحرير	NLF	Qahtan Muhammad al-Shaabi	1963 (1963)	13 October 1978 (1978-10-13)	Marxism–Leninism Arab nationalism	Reorganized itself into the Yemeni Socialist Party
South Yemen (1967–1990)	Yemeni Socialist Party الحزب الاشتراكي اليمني	YSP	Abdul Fattah Ismail (first) Abdulraham Al-Saqqaf (current)	13 October 1978 (1978-10-13)		Marxism–Leninism Arab nationalism Anti-imperialism	Abandoned Marxism–Leninism for social democracy
Tannu Tuva (1921–1944)	Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party Тьва arat-хuviskaalçь nam Тувинская народно-революционная партия	TPRP ТAХN ТНРП	Namachyn (first) Salchak Toka (last)	21 October 1921 (1921-10-21)	11 October 1944 (1944-10-11)	Marxism–Leninism Stalinism	Became the Tuvan Regional Committee of the VKP(b), later CPSU
Yugoslavia (1945–1990)	League of Communists of Yugoslavia Савез комуниста Југославије Savez komunista Jugoslavije	SKJ СКJ	Josip Broz Tito (1939–1980) Milan Pančevski (last)	20 April 1919 (1919-04-20)	22 January 1990 (1990-01-22)	Marxism–Leninism Titoism	Splintered into its many constituent parties in 1990

Parliamentary majority or minority government

Country	Name	Abbr.	Leaders	Founded	Dissolved	Ideology	Notes
Austria (1945–1949)	Communist Party of Austria Kommunistische Partei Österreichs	KPÖ	Ruth Fischer & Franz Koritschoner & Lucien Laurat (first) Mirko Messner (current)	3 November 1918 (1918-11-03)		Marxism–Leninism Anti-fascism Socialism	Participated in the provisional coalition of the Government of Austria after World War II and for four years after the 1945 Austrian legislative election
Bangladesh (1975)	Bangladesh Worker's-Peasants' People's League বাংলাদেশ কৃষক শ্রমিক আওয়ামী লীগ	BAKSAL বাংকশ্আল	Sheikh Mujibur Rahman	24 February 1975 (1975-02-24)	15 August 1975 (1975-08-15)	State socialism Bengali nationalism Mujibism	Dissolved after the assassination of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman
Chad (1993)	Chadian Action for Unity and Socialism Action Tchadienne pour l'unité et le socialisme	ACTUS	Fidèle Moungar	1 May 1981 (1981-05-01)		Marxism–Leninism Ecologism Stalinism	The party's leader was chosen as Prime Minister in April 1993 by the Sovereign National Conference, but subsequently lost an October 1993 vote of no-confidence and resigned.
Cyprus (2008–2013)	Progressive Party of Working People Ανορθωτικό Κόμμα Εργαζόμενου Λαού	AKEL ΑΚΕΛ	Ploutis Servas (first) Stefanos Stefanou (current)	15 August 1926 (1926-08-15)		Marxism–Leninism Pacifism Cypriot nationalism Federalism Soft euroscepticism	Won the 2008 election and ruled until 2013
Guyana (1992–2015, 2020–2024)	People's Progressive Party/Civic	PPP/С	Cheddi Jagan & Janet Jagan (first) Bharrat Jagdeo (current)	1 January 1950 (1950-01-01)		Social democracy Left-wing populism Left-wing nationalism Historically: Communism Marxism–Leninism	The party abandoned Marxism–Leninism officially in 2024.^[1]
India (1996–1998)	Communist Party of India	CPI	Sachchidanand Vishnu Ghate (first) D. Raja (current)	26 December 1925 (1925-12-26)		Marxism–Leninism Left-wing nationalism	Member of the United Front and its coalition government
India (1996–1998)	Communist Party of India (Marxist)	CPI(M)	Puchalapalli Sundarayya (first) Sitaram Yechury (current)	7 November 1964 (1964-11-07)		Marxism–Leninism Left-wing nationalism	Member of the United Front and its coalition government
Moldova (2001–2009)	Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova Partidul Comuniștilor din Republica Moldova	PCRM	Vladimir Voronin	22 October 1993 (1993-10-22)		Marxism–Leninism Moldovenism Social conservatism Soviet patriotism Russophilia	Deposed after the 2009 protests
Nepal (1994–1995, 2008–2013, 2015–2017, 2018–2021)	Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist) नेपाल कम्युनिष्ट पार्टी (एकीकृत मार्क्सवादी-लेनिनवादी)	CPN (UML) नेकपा (एमाले)	Madan Bhandari (first) K. P. Sharma Oli (current)	6 January 1991 (1991-01-06) 8 March 2021 (2021-03-08)	17 May 2018 (2018-05-17)	Marxism–Leninism People's Multiparty Democracy	Merged with the CPN (MC) to form the Nepal Communist Party in 2018, refounded in 2021
Nepal (1994–1995, 2008–2013, 2015–2017, 2018–2021)	Nepal Communist Party नेपाल कम्युनिष्ट पार्टी	NCP नेकपा	K. P. Sharma Oli Pushpa Kamal Dahal	17 May 2018 (2018-05-17)	8 March 2021 (2021-03-08)	Marxism–Leninism People's Multiparty Democracy Prachanda Path Democratic centralism Secularism Federalism	Dissolved as a result of internal conflicts in 2021
San Marino (1945-1957, 1978-1990)	Sammarinese Communist Party Partidul Comuniștilor din Republica Moldova	PCS	Ermenegildo Gasperoni	21 January 1921 (1921-01-21)		Communism	Deposed by coup d'etat orchestrated by Italy and America in Fatti di Rovereta

Coalition partner or supporter

Bulgaria (2005–2009, 2013–2014, 2021–2022) – Communist Party of Bulgaria, in coalition government as member of the Coalition for Bulgaria
Finland (1944–1948, 1966–1970, 1970–1971, 1975–1976 and 1977–1982) – Finnish People's Democratic League, in coalition governments with numerous other parties
France (1981–1989; 1997–2002) – French Communist Party as a part of the Union de la gauche and of the Gauche plurielle
India (2004–2008) – Communist Party of India (Marxist) and Communist Party of India, in the coalition government of the United Progressive Alliance
Iran (1946) – Tudeh Party of Iran, in the coalition government of Ahmad Qavam^[2]
Italy (1998–2001, 2006–2008) – Party of Italian Communists in the D'Alema I Cabinet, D'Alema II Cabinet, Amato II Cabinet with The Olive Tree; Communist Refoundation Party and Party of Italian Communists in the coalition government of The Union
Mali (2005–2014) – Malian Party of Labour, participated in the Alliance for Democracy in Mali
Norway (1945) – Communist Party of Norway in coalition government as member of Gerhardsen's First Cabinet led by the Labour Party
Peru (2011–2016) – Peruvian Communist Party, in coalition governments as member of Peru Wins
Portugal (2015–2019) – Portuguese Communist Party in support of the XXI Constitutional Government of Portugal led by the Socialist Party
San Marino (1945–1957, 1978–1992) – Sammarinese Communist Party, in coalition government with Sammarinese Socialist Party
Sri Lanka (1970–1975, 1994–2000, 2004–2015 and 2020–2022) – Communist Party of Sri Lanka and Lanka Sama Samaja Party, in coalition governments with numerous other parties
Uruguay (2005–2020) – Communist Party of Uruguay and People's Victory Party, in coalition governments as members of the Broad Front

Modern non-ruling

Country/Territory	Name	Abbr.	Leader	Founded	Ideology	Legislature	Notes
Abkhazia	Communist Party of Abkhazia Аԥсны Акомунисттә Апартиа	CPA ААА	Lev Shamba	March 1921	Marxism–Leninism	People's Assembly: 0 / 35
Afghanistan	Communist (Maoist) Party of Afghanistan حزب كمونيست (مائوئيست) افغانستان	CMPM		2004	Marxism–Leninism–Maoism	Banned	Participant in the ongoing anti-Taliban insurgency in Afghanistan
	Afghanistan Liberation Organization سازمان رهایی افغانستان	ALO		1973	Marxism–Leninism–Maoism Anti-revisionism
	Marxist–Leninist Organization of Afghanistan	MLOA		1973	Marxism-Leninism Mao Zedong Thought Anti-revisionism
Albania	Communist Party of Albania Partia Komuniste e Shqipërisë	PKSh	Qemal Cicollari	1991	Marxism–Leninism Hoxhaism Stalinism Anti-revisionism	Kuvendi: 0 / 140
Albania	Communist Party of Albania 8 November Partia Komuniste e Shqipërisë 8 Nëntori	PKSh 8 Nëntori	Preng Çuni	2003	Marxism-Leninism	Kuvendi: 0 / 140
Algeria	Algerian Party for Democracy and Socialism الحزب الجزائري للديمقراطية والاشتراكية	PADS	Abdelhamid Benzine	1993	Marxism–Leninism	People's National Assembly: 0 / 407 Council: 0 / 174
Angola	Party of the Angolan Communist Community Partido da Comunidade Comunista Angolana	PCCA	Baptista André José Simão	1994	Marxism–Leninism	National Assembly: 0 / 200
Argentina	Liberation Party Partido de la Liberación	PL	Sergio Ortiz	5 April 1965	Marxism–Leninism	Chamber of Deputies: 0 / 257 Senate: 0 / 72
Armenia	Armenian Communist Party Հայաստանի կոմունիստական կուսակցություն	HKK ՀԿԿ	Tachat Sargsyan	29 July 1991	Marxism–Leninism Pro-Russia Euroscepticism Soviet patriotism	National Assembly: 0 / 107
	United Communist Party of Armenia Հայաստանի Միավորված Կոմունիստական Կուսակցության	HMKK ՀՄԿԿ		7 July 2003	Marxism–Leninism Euroscepticism	National Assembly: 0 / 107
	Progressive United Communist Party of Armenia Հայաստանի Առաջադիմական Միացյալ Կոմունիստական Կուսակցություն	HAMK ՀԱՄԿ	Vazgen Safaryan	28 January 1998	Marxism–Leninism Soviet patriotism	National Assembly: 0 / 107
Australia	Communist Party of Australia (1971)	CPA	Vinicio Molina	1971	Marxism–Leninism	House of Representatives: 0 / 151 Senate: 0 / 76
Australia	Communist Party of Australia (Marxist–Leninist)	CPA (ML)		15 March 1964	Marxism–Leninism Maoism Anti-revisionism	House of Representatives: 0 / 151 Senate: 0 / 76
Austria	Communist Party of Austria Kommunistische Partei Österreichs	KPO	Florian Birngruber	3 November 1918	Marxism–Leninism Socialism	National Council: 0 / 183 Federal Council: 0 / 62	The mayor of Graz, Austria's second largest city, is a member of the KPÖ
Austria	Party of Labour of Austria Partei der Arbeit Österreichs	PdA	Tibor Zenker	12 October 2013	Marxism–Leninism Hard Euroscepticism	National Council: 0 / 183 Federal Council: 0 / 62
Azerbaijan	Azerbaijan Communist Party (1993) Azərbaycan Kommunist Partiyası	AzKP	Haji Hajiyev	1993	Marxism–Leninism	National Assembly: 0 / 125
	New Generation Communist Party of Azerbaijan Azərbaycan Yeni Nəsil Kommunist Partiyası	AYNKP	Niyazi Rajabov	2008	Marxism–Leninism	National Assembly: 0 / 125
	United Communist Party of Azerbaijan Azərbaycan Birləşmiş Kommunist Partiyası	AVKP	Sayad Sayadov	1993	Marxism–Leninism	National Assembly: 0 / 125
Bahrain	National Liberation Front جبهة التحرير الوطني—البحرين	NLF		15 February 1955	Marxism–Leninism Republicanism	Council of Representatives: 0 / 40 Shura Council: 0 / 40	Led the 1965 March Intifada
Bahrain	Progressive Democratic Tribune جمعية المنبر الديمقراطي التقدمي	PDT	Hassan Madan	14 September 2001	Market socialism Arab nationalism Anti-globalization Anti-imperialism	Council of Representatives: 1 / 40 Shura Council: 0 / 40
Bangladesh	Communist Party of Bangladesh বাংলাদেশের কমিউনিস্ট পার্টি	CPB	Ruhin Hossain Prince	1971	Marxism–Leninism	Jatiya Sangsad: 0 / 350	Former member of the Bangladesh Worker's-Peasants' People's League and its coalition government
	Workers Party of Bangladesh বাংলাদেশের ওয়ার্কার্স পার্টি	WPB	Fazle Hossain Badsha	1980	Marxism–Leninism Anti-revisionism	Jatiya Sangsad: 4 / 350
	Socialist Party of Bangladesh বাংলাদেশের সমাজতান্ত্রিক দল	BASAD	Khalequzzaman	7 November 1980	Marxism–Leninism Stalinism Maoism Anti-revisionism	Jatiya Sangsad: 0 / 350
	Revolutionary Workers Party of Bangladesh বাংলাদেশের বিপ্লবী ওয়ার্কার্স পার্টি	RWPB	Saiful Haque	14 June 2004	Marxism–Leninism	Jatiya Sangsad: 0 / 350
	Communist Party of Bangladesh (Marxist–Leninist) (Dutta) বাংলাদেশের সাম্যবাদী দল (মার্কসবাদী-লেনিনবাদী)	BSD-ML	Ajoy Dutta		Marxism-Leninism-Maoism	Jatiya Sangsad: 0 / 350
	Communist Party of Bangladesh (Marxist–Leninist) (Umar) বাংলাদেশের সাম্যবাদী দল (মার্কসবাদী-লেনিনবাদী)	BSD-ML	Badruddin Umar		Marxism-Leninism-Maoism	Jatiya Sangsad: 0 / 350
	Purba Banglar Sarbahara Party পূর্ব বাংলার সর্বহারা পার্টি	PBSP	Siraj Sikder	3 June 1971	Marxism-Leninism-Maoism	Jatiya Sangsad: 0 / 350
	Maoist Bolshevik Reorganisation Movement of the Purba Banglar Sarbahara Party পূর্ববাংলার সর্বহারা পার্টি – মাওবাদী বলশেভিক পুনর্গঠন আন্দোলন	PBSP (MBRM)		2001	Marxism-Leninism-Maoism Anti-revisionism	Jatiya Sangsad: 0 / 350
	Workers Peasants Socialist Party শ্রমিক কৃষক সমাজবাদী দল	SKSD		1969	Marxism–Leninism Revolutionary socialism	Jatiya Sangsad: 0 / 350
	United Communist League of Bangladesh বাংলাদেশের ইউনাইটেড কমিউনিস্ট লীগ	UCLB	Mosharraf Hossain Nannu	April 2013	Marxism–Leninism	Jatiya Sangsad: 0 / 350
Belarus	Belarusian Left Party "A Just World" Беларуская партыя левых «Справядлівы свет»		Sergey Kalyakin	25 October 2009	Democratic socialism Revolutionary nationalism Left-wing nationalism Socialism Anti-Lukashenko	House of Representatives: 0 / 110 Council of the Republic: 0 / 64
Belgium	Workers' Party of Belgium Partij van de Arbeid van België Parti du Travail de Belgique	PTB PVDA	Raoul Hedebouw	1979	Marxism Feminism Socialism	Chamber of Representatives: 12 / 150 Senate: 5 / 60
Belgium	Communist Party of Belgium Communistische Partij van België Parti Communiste de Belgique	PCB	Arne Baillière	1989	Marxism–Leninism Hard Euroscepticism	Chamber of Representatives: 0 / 150 Senate: 0 / 60
Benin	Communist Party of Benin Parti Communiste du Bénin	PCB	Philippe Noudjenoume	1977	Marxism–Leninism Hoxhaism Stalinism Anti-revisionism	National Assembly: 0 / 83
Benin	Marxist–Leninist Communist Party of Benin Parti communiste marxiste-léniniste du Bénin	PCMLB	Magloire Yansunnu	1999	Marxism–Leninism Hoxhaism Anti-revisionism	National Assembly: 0 / 83
Bhutan	Communist Party of Bhutan (Marxist–Leninist–Maoist)	CPB (MLM)	Comrade Umesh (nom de guerre)	22 April 2003	Marxism–Leninism–Maoism New Democratic Revolution Republicanism	Banned	Engaged in guerrilla warfare against the government of Bhutan, with the goal of starting a people's war
Bolivia	Communist Party of Bolivia Partido Comunista de Bolivia	PCB	Ignacio Mendoza	1950	Marxism–Leninism	Deputies: 0 / 183 Senate: 0 / 36
	People's Revolutionary Front (Marxist−Leninist−Maoist) Frente Revolucionario del Pueblo (Marxista–Leninista–Maoísta)	FRP-MLM			Marxism–Leninism–Maoism	Deputies: 0 / 183 Senate: 0 / 36
	Communist Party of Bolivia (Marxist–Leninist–Maoist) Partido Comunista de Bolivia (Marxista-Leninista-Maoísta)	PCB-MLM	Luis Alberto Echazú	1983	Marxism–Leninism–Maoism	Deputies: 0 / 183 Senate: 0 / 36
Bosnia and Herzegovina	Workers' Communist Party of Bosnia and Herzegovina Radničko-komunistička partija Bosne i Hercegovine / Радничко-комунистичка партија Босне и Херцеговине	RKP-Bih / РКП-БиХ	Goran Marković	2000	Luxemburgism Workers' self-management Anti-nationalism Yugoslavism	House of Representatives: 0 / 42 House of Peoples: 0 / 15
Bosnia and Herzegovina	Communist Party Komunistička partija / Комунистичка партија	KP / КП	Muhamed Imamović	21 February 2012	Democratic socialism Yugo-nostalgia	House of Representatives: 0 / 42 House of Peoples: 0 / 15
Botswana	Marx, Engels, Lenin, Stalin Movement	MELS	Mosalage Ditshoto	1994	Marxism–Leninism Maoism Maoism Anti-revisionism Pan-Africanism	Parliament: 0 / 63
Brazil	Communist Party of Brazil Partido Comunista do Brasil	PCdoB	Luciana Santos	23 June 1988	Marxism–Leninism	Chamber of Deputies 8 / 513 Federal Senate 0 / 81
	Brazilian Communist Party Partido Comunista Brasileiro	PCB	Edmilson Costa	25 March 1922	Marxism–Leninism	Chamber of Deputies 0 / 513 Federal Senate 0 / 81
	United Socialist Workers' Party Partido Socialista dos Trabalhadores Unificado	PSTU	Zé Maria	5 June 1994	Trotskyism Morenism	Chamber of Deputies 0 / 513 Federal Senate 0 / 81
	Workers' Cause Party Partido da Causa Operária	PCO	Rui Costa Pimenta	7 December 1995	Marxism Trotskyism Social libertarianism Anti-imperialism	Chamber of Deputies 0 / 513 Federal Senate 0 / 81
	Revolutionary Communist Party Partido Comunista Revolucionário	PCR		May 1966	Marxism–Leninism Stalinism Guevarism Hoxhaism Anti-revisionism Foco theory	Chamber of Deputies 0 / 513 Federal Senate 0 / 81	Not registered in Brazil's Superior Electoral Court
	Popular Unity Unidade Popular	UP	Leonardo Péricles	16 June 2016	Revolutionary socialism Anti-capitalism Anti-imperialism Anti-racism Factions: Marxism-Leninism Syndicalism Marxist feminism	Chamber of Deputies 0 / 513 Federal Senate 0 / 81
Bulgaria	Bulgarian Communist Party Българска комунистическа партия	BKP	Zonka Zlatkova Spasov	1990	Marxism–Leninism Stalinism Anti-revisionism	National Assembly: 0 / 240
	Communist Party of Bulgaria Комунистическа Партия на България	CPB	Aleksandar Paunov	1996	Marxism–Leninism	National Assembly: 0 / 240
	Party of the Bulgarian Communists Партия на Българските комунисти	PBK	Collective leadership	15 July 2006	Marxism–Leninism	National Assembly: 0 / 240
	Union of Communists in Bulgaria Съюз на Комунистите в България	SKB	Pavel Ivanov	1995	Marxism	National Assembly: 0 / 240
Burkina Faso	Party for Democracy and Socialism/Metba Parti pour la démocratie et le socialisme/Metba	PDS/ Metba	Hama Arba Diallo	31 March 2012	Socialism	National Assembly: 1 / 127
Burkina Faso	Voltaic Revolutionary Communist Party Parti communiste révolutionnaire voltaïque	PCRV		1 October 1978	Marxism–Leninism Hoxhaism	National Assembly: 0 / 127
Canada	Communist Party of Canada Parti communiste du Canada	CPC PCC	Elizabeth Rowley	28 May 1921	Marxism–Leninism	House of Commons: 0 / 338 Senate: 0 / 105
Canada	Communist Party of Canada (Marxist–Leninist) Parti communiste du Canada (marxiste–léniniste)	CPC (ML) PCC (ML)	Anna Di Carlo	31 March 1970	Marxism–Leninism Anti-revisionism Maoism (1970-1977) Hoxhaism (1977-1990)	House of Commons: 0 / 338 Senate: 0 / 105
China	Maoist Communist Party of China 中国毛泽东主义共产党	MCPC	Ma Houzhi	28 November 2008	Marxism–Leninism–Maoism Anti-revisionism	Banned	De facto banned in China due to not being a member of the United Front.
China	Revolutionary Communist Party of China 中国革命共产党	RCPC		September 1948	Marxism Trotskyism	Legislative Council: 0 / 183	Active in Hong Kong. Participant in the 1970s Hong Kong student protests.
Colombia	Communist Party of Colombia (Marxist–Leninist) Partido Comunista de Colombia (Marxista-Leninista)	PCdeC (M-L)		1965	Marxism–Leninism Hoxhaism Stalinism Anti-revisionism	Chamber of Representatives: 0 / 188 Senate: 0 / 108
	Colombian Communist Party – Maoist Partido Comunista de Colombia - Maoista	PCC-M		7 August 2001	Marxism–Leninism–Maoism	Chamber of Representatives: 0 / 188 Senate: 0 / 108
	Revolutionary Communist Group Grupo Comunista Revolucionario	GCR		1982	Marxism-Leninism Maoism Anti-revisionism	Chamber of Representatives: 0 / 188 Senate: 0 / 108
	Revolutionary Independent Labour Movement Movimiento Obrero Independiente y Revolucionario	MOIR	Gustavo Triana	1970	Maoism Marxism-Leninism New Democracy Francisco Mosquera Thought	Chamber of Representatives: 0 / 188 Senate: 0 / 108
Costa Rica	People's Vanguard Party Partido Vanguardia Popular	PVP	Humberto Vargas Carbonell	16 June 1931	Marxism–Leninism	Legislative Assembly: 0 / 57	Banned from 1949 to 1975
Ivory Coast	Revolutionary Communist Party of Ivory Coast Parti Communiste Révolutionnaire de Côte d'Ivoire	PCRCI	Achy Ekissi	1990	Marxism–Leninism Hoxhaism Anti-revisionism
Croatia	Socialist Labour Party of Croatia Socijalistička radnička partija Hrvatske	SRP	Kristofor Stokić	25 October 1997	¸Titoism Democratic socialism	Sabor: 0 / 151
Croatia	Workers Front Radnička fronta	RF	Collective leadership	9 May 2014	Democratic socialism Social progressivism Labour rights Socialist feminism Anti-fascism Anti-clericalism Eco-socialism Left-wing populism Anti-militarism	Sabor: 1 / 151
Cyprus	Progressive Party of Working People Ανορθωτικό Κόμμα Εργαζόμενου Λαού Emekçi Halkın İlerici Partisi	AKEL	Stefanos Stefanou	15 August 1926	Marxism–Leninism Pacifism Cypriot nationalism Federalism Soft euroscepticism	House of Representatives 15 / 56	Won the 2008 election and ruled until 2013
Czech Republic	Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia Komunistická strana Čech a Moravy	KSČM	Kateřina Konečná	31 March 1990	Marxism Euroscepticism Socialism Anti-capitalism Anti-fascism	Chamber of Deputies: 0 / 200 Senate: 0 / 81	Czech successor to the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia. Served as confidence and supply to the second government of Andrej Babiš in 2018.
Denmark	Communist Party of Denmark Danmarks Kommunistiske Parti	DKP	Henrik Stamer Hedin	9 November 1919	Marxism–Leninism	Folketing: 0 / 179
	Communist Party Kommunistisk Parti	KP	Lotte Rørtoft-Madsen	2006	Marxism–Leninism Anti-revisionism Factions: Hoxhaism	Folketing: 0 / 179
	Workers' Communist Party Arbejderpartiet Kommunisterne	APK	Dorte Grenaa	April 2000	Marxism–Leninism Hoxhaism Anti-revisionism	Folketing: 0 / 179
	Communist Party in Denmark Kommunistisk Parti i Danmark	KPiD	Rikke G.F. Carlsson	1990	Marxism–Leninism	Folketing: 0 / 179
Dominican Republic	Communist Party of Labour Partido Comunista del Trabajo	PCT	Manuel Salazar	1980	Marxism–Leninism Hoxhaism Anti-revisionism	Chamber of Deputies: 0 / 190 Senate: 0 / 32
Donetsk People's Republic	Communist Party of the Donetsk People's Republic Коммунистическая партия Донецкой Народной Республики	CPDPR КПДНР	Boris Litvinov	8 October 2014	Marxism–Leninism Soviet patriotism Left-wing nationalism	People's Council: 0 / 100
East Timor	Socialist Party of Timor Partido Socialista de Timor	PST	Avelino Coelho da Silva	11 February 1997	Marxism–Leninism	National Parliament: 0 / 65
Ecuador	Communist Party of Ecuador Partido Comunista del Ecuador	PCE	Winston Alarcón Elizalde	23 May 1926	Marxism–Leninism	National Assembly: 0 / 137
	Marxist–Leninist Communist Party of Ecuador Partido Comunista Marxista-Leninista del Ecuador	PCMLE	Oswaldo Palacios	1 August 1964	Marxism–Leninism Stalinism Hoxhaism Anti-revisionism	National Assembly: 0 / 137
	Workers' Party of Ecuador Partido de los Trabajadores del Ecuador	PTE		1996	Marxism-Leninism	National Assembly: 0 / 137	Not registered with Ecuador's National Electoral Council
	Communist Party of Ecuador – Red Sun Partido Comunista de Ecuador - Sol Rojo	PCE-SR		1 June 1987	Marxism-Leninism-Maoism Gonzalo Thought Anti-revisionism Revolutionary socialism	Banned	Engaged in minor guerrilla warfare against the government of Ecuador, with the goal of starting a people's war
Egypt	Egyptian Communist Party الحزب الشيوعي المصري	ECP	Salah Adli	1975	Marxism–Leninism	House of Representatives: 0 / 596 Senate: 0 / 300
El Salvador	Communist Party of El Salvador Partido Comunista de El Salvador	PCS		27 March 2005	Marxism–Leninism	Legislative Assembly: 0 / 84
Estonia	Communist Party of Estonia Eestimaa Kommunistlik Partei	EKP	vacant	26 March 1990	Marxism–Leninism Soviet patriotism	Banned	Banned in Estonia following the 1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt, continues to operate underground
Eswatini	Communist Party of Swaziland	CPS	Thokozane Kenneth	9 April 2011	Marxism–Leninism Republicanism	Banned	Participant in the 2021–2023 Eswatini protests
Ethiopia	All-Ethiopia Socialist Movement መላ ኢትዮጵያ ሶሻሊስት ንቅናቄ	MEISON		1968	Marxism–Leninism	House of Peoples' Representatives: 0 / 547 House of Federation: 0 / 112	Supported and participated in the 1974 Ethiopian Revolution. Initially supported the Derg government, though later broke with Mengistu Haile Mariam's leadership during the Red Terror and was forced underground. Resumed legal activity following the end of the Ethiopian Civil War.
Finland	Communist Party of Finland Suomen Kommunistinen Puolue	SKP	Juha-Pekka Väisänen	1984	Marxism–Leninism	Parliament : 0 / 200
	Communist Workers' Party – For Peace and Socialism Kommunistinen Työväenpuolue – Rauhan ja Sosialismin puolesta	KTP	Mikko Vartiainen	1988	Marxism–Leninism Hard Euroscepticism	Parliament: 0 / 200
	League of Communists Kommunistien Liitto	KL	Kalevi Wahrman	14 September 2002	Marxism–Leninism	Parliament: 0 / 200
France	French Communist Party Parti communiste français	PCF	Fabien Roussel	30 December 1920	Eurocommunism Soft Euroscepticism	National Assembly: 12 / 577 Senate: 14 / 348
	Lutte Ouvrière	LO	Nathalie Arthaud	1956	Trotskyism Anti-capitalism	National Assembly: 0 / 577 Senate: 0 / 348
	New Anticapitalist Party Nouveau Parti anticapitaliste	NPA	Collective leadership	8 February 2009	Trotskyism Alter-globalisation	National Assembly: 0 / 577 Senate: 0 / 348
	Pole of Communist Revival in France Pôle de renaissance communiste en France	PRCF	Léon Landini	January 2004	Marxism-Leninism Left-wing nationalism Hard Euroscepticism	National Assembly: 0 / 577 Senate: 0 / 348
	Workers' Communist Party of France Parti communiste des ouvriers de France	PCOF	Collective leadership	1979	Marxism-Leninism Hoxhaism Anti-revisionism	National Assembly: 0 / 577 Senate: 0 / 348
	Marxist–Leninist Communist Organization – Proletarian Way Organisation communiste marxiste-léniniste – Voie prolétarienne	OCML-VP		September 1976	Marxism-Leninism Maoism	National Assembly: 0 / 577 Senate: 0 / 348
	Revolutionary Left Gauche révolutionnaire	GR		1992	Marxism Trotskyism	National Assembly: 0 / 577 Senate: 0 / 348
Georgia	Communist Party of Georgia საქართველოს კომუნისტური პარტია	SKP სკპ		1992	Marxism–Leninism Anti-revisionism	Parliament: 0 / 150
	Unified Communist Party of Georgia საქართველოს ერთიანი კომუნისტური პარტია	SEKP სეკპ	Nugzar Shalvovich Avaliani	June 1994	Marxism–Leninism Soviet patriotism	Parliament: 0 / 150
	New Communist Party of Georgia საქართველოს ახალი კომუნისტური პარტია	SAKP საკპ		2001	Marxism–Leninism Anti-revisionism	Parliament: 0 / 150
Germany	German Communist Party Deutsche Kommunistische Partei	DKP	Patrik Köbele	1968	Marxism-Leninism	Bundestag: 0 / 709
Germany	Marxist–Leninist Party of Germany Marxistisch-Leninistische Partei Deutschlands	MLPD	Gabi Fechtner	1982	Marxism-Leninism	Bundestag: 0 / 709
Greece	Communist Party of Greece Κομμουνιστικό Κόμμα Ελλάδας	KKE KKE	Dimitris Koutsoumpas	17 November 1918	Marxism-Leninism Anti-imperialism Hard Euroscepticism	Hellenic Parliament: 26 / 300	Banned by the government of Greece from 1936 to 1974. Led the Political Committee of National Liberation during World War II and the Provisional Democratic Government and Democratic Army of Greece during the 1946–1949 Greek Civil War.
	Marxist Leninist Communist Party of Greece Μαρξιστικό-Λενινιστικό Κομμουνιστικό Κόμμα Ελλάδας	M-L KKE Μ-Λ ΚΚΕ	Collective leadership	November 1976	Marxism-Leninism Maoism Anti-revisionism Euroscepticism	Hellenic Parliament: 0 / 300
	Communist Party of Greece (Marxist–Leninist) Κομμουνιστικό Κόμμα Ελλάδας (μαρξιστικο-λενινιστικό)	KKE (m-l) ΚΚΕ (μ-λ)	Grigoris Konstantopoulos	November 1976	Marxism-Leninism Maoism Anti-revisionism Hoxhaism Euroscepticism	Hellenic Parliament: 0 / 300
	Organization for the Reconstruction of the Communist Party of Greece Οργάνωση για την Ανασυγκρότηση του Κομουνιστικού Κόμματος Ελλάδας	OAKKE OAKKE	Elias Zafiropoulos.	20 July 1985	Marxism-Leninism Maoism	Hellenic Parliament: 0 / 300
	Movement for the Reorganization of the Communist Party of Greece 1918–1955 Κίνηση για την Ανασύνταξη του Κομμουνιστικό Κόμμα Ελλάδας 1918–1955)	Anasintaxi Ανασύνταξη	Tasos Mpallos	1996	Marxism-Leninism Stalinism Hoxhaism Zachariadism Anti-revisionism	Hellenic Parliament: 0 / 300
	Communist Renewal Κομμουνιστική Ανανέωση	KA KA	Collective leadership	2000	Marxism Euroscepticism	Hellenic Parliament: 0 / 300
	Left Anti-capitalist Group Αριστερή Αντικαπιταλιστική Συσπείρωση	AR.A.S ΑΡ.Α.Σ	Collective leadership	1998	Maoism Anti-capitalism	Hellenic Parliament: 0 / 300
	Left Group Αριστερή Συσπείρωση	ARI.S ΑΡΙ.Σ	Collective leadership	25 October 2012	Marxism-Leninism Maoism Anti-capitalism Anti-revisionism	Hellenic Parliament: 0 / 300
	Left Recomposition Αριστερή Ανασύνθεση	AR.ΑΝ ΑΡ.ΑΝ		2003	Maoism Anti-capitalism	Hellenic Parliament: 0 / 300
	New Left Current Νέο Αριστερό Ρεύμα	NAR ΝΑΡ	Collective leadership	1989	New Left Eco-socialism Anti-capitalism	Hellenic Parliament: 0 / 300
	Revolutionary Communist Movement of Greece Επαναστατικό Κομμουνιστικό Κίνημα Ελλάδας	EKKE EKKE	Collective leadership	1970	Marxism-Leninism Maoism Anti-revisionism	Hellenic Parliament: 0 / 300
Guadeloupe	Guadeloupe Communist Party Parti communiste guadeloupéen	PCG	Alain-Félix Flémin	30 March 1958	Marxism Guadeloupean autonomy	National Assembly: 0 / 577 Senate: 0 / 348
Guatemala	Guatemalan National Revolutionary Unity Unidad Revolucionaria Nacional Guatemalteca	URNG-MAIZ	Gregorio Chay	7 February 1982	Left-wing nationalism Socialism Indigenismo Christian socialism Socialism of the 21st century Anti-capitalism	Congress: 3 / 160	Founded as an umbrella organization uniting various leftist militant groups active in the Guatemalan Civil War. Laid down arms in 1996 and became a legally registered opposition party in 1998.
Haiti	New Haitian Communist Party (Marxist–Leninist) Nouveau Parti Communiste Haïtien (Marxiste–Léniniste)	NPCH(ML)	Vania Lubin	2000	Marxism–Leninism Stalinism Maoism Anti-revisionism	Chamber of Deputies: 0 / 119 Senate: 0 / 30
Hungary	Hungarian Workers' Party Magyar Munkáspárt	MMP	Gyula Thürmer	17 December 1989	Marxism-Leninism Euroscepticism	National Assembly: 0 / 199
Hungary	Workers' Party of Hungary 2006 – European Left Magyarországi Munkáspárt 2006 - Európai Baloldal	EB	Attila Vajnai	November 2005	Marxism Eurocommunism	National Assembly: 0 / 199
India	Communist Party of India	CPI	D. Raja	26 December 1925	Marxism–Leninism	Lok Sabha: 2 / 543 Rajya Sabha: 2 / 245
	Communist Party of India (Marxist)	CPI(M)	Sitaram Yechury	7 November 1964	Marxism–Leninism	Lok Sabha: 4 / 543 Rajya Sabha: 5 / 245
	Revolutionary Socialist Party	RSP	Manoj Bhattacharya	19 March 1940	Marxism–Leninism Trotskyism	Lok Sabha: 1 / 543 Rajya Sabha: 0 / 245
	Revolutionary Communist Party of India	RCPI	Biren Deka	1 August 1934	Marxism-Leninism Anti-Stalinism	Lok Sabha: 0 / 543 Rajya Sabha: 0 / 245
	All India Forward Bloc	AIFB	Debabrata Biswas	22 June 1939	Marxism Left-wing nationalism Socialism Anti-imperialism	Lok Sabha: 0 / 543 Rajya Sabha: 0 / 245
	Marxist Forward Bloc	MFB	Jaihind Singh	12 November 1953	Marxism Left-wing populism	Lok Sabha: 0 / 543 Rajya Sabha: 0 / 245
	Bolshevik Party of India	BPI		1939	Marxism–Leninism	Lok Sabha: 0 / 543 Rajya Sabha: 0 / 245
	Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation	CPI(ML)L	Dipankar Bhattacharya	1974	Marxism–Leninism Mao-Zedong-Thought Naxalism	Lok Sabha: 2 / 543 Rajya Sabha: 0 / 245
	Revolutionary Socialist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist)	RSPI(ML)		1969	Marxism–Leninism	Lok Sabha: 0 / 543 Rajya Sabha: 0 / 245
	Socialist Unity Centre of India (Communist)	SUCI(C)	Provash Ghosh	24 April 1948	Shibdas Ghosh Thought Marxism–Leninism Anti-revisionism	Lok Sabha: 0 / 543 Rajya Sabha: 0 / 245
	Revolutionary Marxist Party of India	RMPI	Mangat Ram Pasla	2016	Marxism–Leninism	Lok Sabha: 0 / 543 Rajya Sabha: 0 / 245
	Communist Marxist Party	CMP	C. P. John	1986	Marxism–Leninism Marxism Luxemburgism	Lok Sabha: 0 / 543 Rajya Sabha: 0 / 245
	Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) New Democracy	CPIML ND	Yatendra Kumar	1988	Naxalism New Democracy Mao Zedong Thought	Lok Sabha: 0 / 543 Rajya Sabha: 0 / 245
	Communist Party of India (Maoist)	CPI (Maoist)	Nambala Keshava Rao	21 September 2004	Naxalism Marxism–Leninism–Maoism	Banned	Leading the ongoing Naxalite–Maoist insurgency, designated a terrorist organization by the government of India
Iran	Tudeh Party of Iran حزب تودۀ ایران		Collective leadership	2 October 1941	Marxism-Leninism Stalinism Left-wing nationalism Anti-revisionism	Banned
	Komalah کۆمەڵە ڕێکخراوی کوردستانی حیزبی کۆمۆنیستی ئێران کومله سازمان کردستان حزب کمونیست ایران		Ibrahim Alizade	1984	Marxism-Leninism Internationalism Kurdish minority interests		Kurdish branch of Communist Party of Iran, designated a terrorist organization by the government of Iran
	Communist Party of Iran حزب کمونیست ایران	CPI	Collective leadership	2 September 1983	Marxism-Leninism Revolutionary socialism
	Communist Party of Iran (Marxist–Leninist–Maoist) حزب کمونیست ایران (مارکسیست-لنینیست-مائوئیست)	CPI (MLM)		2001	Marxism-Leninism-Maoism New Synthesis Secularism
	Labour Party of Iran حزب کار ایران			1965	Marxism-Leninism Hoxhaism Anti-revisionism
	Worker-communist Party of Iran حزب کمونیست کارگری ایران	WPI	Hamid Taqvaee	1991	Workerism Marxism Third camp
	Worker-communist Party of Iran – Hekmatist حزب کمونیست کارگری ایران-حکمتیست	WPI-Hekmatist	Jamal Kamangar	2004	Workerism
	Fedaian Organisation (Minority) سازمان فدائیان (اقليت)		Akbar Kāmyābi	March 1987	Marxism-Leninism		Split from the Organization of Iranian People's Fedai Guerrillas (Minority)
	Organization of Iranian People's Fedai Guerrillas (1985) سازمان چریک‌های فدایی خلق ایران		Ḥosayn Zohari	1985	Marxism-Leninism
	Organization of Iranian People's Fedai Guerrillas – Followers of the Identity Platform سازمان چریک‌های فدایی خلق ایران – پیرو برنامه هویت		Mehdi Sāmeʿ	1983	Marxism-Leninism
	Iranian People's Fedai Guerrillas چریک‌های فدایی خلق ایران	IFPG	Ashraf Dehghani	c. April 1979; 45 years ago (1979-04)	Marxism-Leninism		Participant in the 1979 Kurdish rebellion
Iraq	Iraqi Communist Party الحزب الشيوعي العراقي	ICP	Raid Jahid Fahmi	31 March 1934	Classical Marxism Reformism Secularism Nonsectarianism	Council of Representatives: 0 / 329	Operated mostly underground in the Kingdom of Iraq (from 1934 to 1958) and Ba'athist Iraq (from 1963 to 2003). Supported the 14 July Revolution and the government of Abd al-Karim Qasim.
	Worker-communist Party of Iraq الحزب الشيوعي العمالي العراقي		Amir Adil	July 1993	Marxism Workerism Third camp	Council of Representatives: 0 / 329
	Left Worker-communist Party of Iraq الحزب الشيوعي العمالي اليساري العراقي		Issam Shukri	2004	Trotskyism Workerism Third camp	Council of Representatives: 0 / 329
	Communist Party of Kurdistan – Iraq حزبي شيوعى كوردستان – عيراق الحزب الشيوعي الكوردستاني – العراق		Kawa Mahmud	1993	Marxism-Leninism Kurdish nationalism Nonsectarianism	Council of Representatives (Iraq): 0 / 329 Kurdistan Parliament: 1 / 111	Regional party active in Kurdistan
	Worker-communist Party of Kurdistan حزبی کۆمۆنستی کرێکاریی کوردستان الحزب الشيوعي العمالي في كوردستان		Osman Hajy Marouf	2008	Marxism Workerism Third camp	Council of Representatives (Iraq): 0 / 329 Kurdistan Parliament: 0 / 111	Regional party active in Kurdistan
Ireland	Workers' Party Páirtí na nOibrithe		Collective leadership	28 November 1905	Marxism-Leninism Irish republicanism	Dáil Éireann: 0 / 160 Seanad Éireann: 0 / 60
	Communist Party of Ireland Páirtí Cumannach na hÉireann	CPI	Janelle McAteer	3–4 June 1933	Marxism-Leninism Hard Euroscepticism	Dáil Éireann: 0 / 160 Seanad Éireann: 0 / 60
	Irish Republican Socialist Party Páirtí Poblachtach Sóisalach na hÉireann	IRSP	Collective leadership (Ard Comhairle)	8 December 1974	Marxism-Leninism Irish republicanism Anti-globalisation Hard Euroscepticism	Dáil Éireann: 0 / 160 Seanad Éireann: 0 / 60
Israel	Israeli Communist Party המפלגה הקומוניסטית הישראלית‎ الحزب الشيوعي الاسرائيلي	Maki מק״י‎‎	Collective leadership	1 September 1965	Marxism-Leninism Alter-globalization Anti-Zionism	Knesset: 0 / 120	Merged into Hadash in 1977 and as of 2022 its largest faction
	The Democratic Front for Peace and Equality החזית הדמוקרטית לשלום ולשוויון‎‎‎ الجبهة الديمقراطية للسلاموالمساواة	Hadash חד״ש‎‎	Ayman Odeh	15 March 1977	Marxism Marxism-Leninism Communism Two-state Solution Non-Zionism Israeli Arab interests	Knesset: 4 / 120	Formed from a merger of Rakah, the Black Panthers, and Moked. Formerly ran as a part of the Joint List.
	Da'am Workers Party דעם מפלגת פועלים‎ حزب دعم العمالي	Da'am דע"ם‎ دعم	Collective leadership	1995	Secularism Marxism Eco-socialism Revolutionary socialism Postnationalism Non-Zionism One-state solution	Knesset: 0 / 120
Italy	Communist Refoundation Party Partito della Rifondazione Comunista	PRC	Maurizio Acerbo	6 January 1991	Eco-socialism Feminism Anti-capitalism Anti-fascism Anti-imperialism Soft Euroscepticism	Chamber of Deputies: 0 / 400 Senate: 0 / 206
	Italian Communist Party Partito Comunista Italiano	PCI	Mauro Alboresi	26 June 2016	Marxism-Leninism Anti-imperialism Euroscepticism	Chamber of Deputies: 0 / 400 Senate: 0 / 206
	Italian Marxist–Leninist Party Partito Marxista-Leninista Italiano	PMLI	Giovanni Scuderi	April 1977	Marxism-Leninism Stalinism Maoism Bolshevism Anti-revisionism Anti-fascism	Chamber of Deputies: 0 / 400 Senate: 0 / 206
	Communist Party Partito Comunista	PC	Marco Rizzo	3 July 2009	Marxism-Leninism Anti-revisionism Hard Euroscepticism Sovereigntism	Chamber of Deputies: 0 / 400 Senate: 0 / 206
	Communist Alternative Party Partito di Alternativa Comunista	PdAC	Francesco Ricci	7 January 2007	Trotskyism	Chamber of Deputies: 0 / 400 Senate: 0 / 206
Japan	Japanese Communist Party 日本共産党	JCP	Tomoko Tamura	15 July 1922	Scientific socialism Progressivism Pacifism Democratic socialism	Representatives: 10 / 465 Councillors: 11 / 248	Banned in 1925 under the Peace Preservation Law. Legalized by the Allied military occupation following Japan's military defeat in World War II.
	Japanese Communist Party (Action Faction) 日本共産党 (行動派)			1980	Marxism-Leninism Stalinism Maoism Anti-revisionism	Representatives: 0 / 465 Councillors: 0 / 248
	Japanese Communist Party (Left Faction) 日本共産党 (左派)			1969	Marxism-Leninism-Maoism Anti-revisionism	Representatives: 0 / 465 Councillors: 0 / 248
Jordan	Jordanian Communist Party الحزب الشیوعی الاردني	JCP	Faraj Al-Tameezi	1948	Marxism-Leninism Republicanism	House of Representatives: 0 / 130 Senate: 0 / 75
Jordan	Jordanian Democratic People's Party حزب الشعب الديمقراطي الأردني	HASHD		1989	Marxism-Leninism Palestinian nationalism Anti-Zionism Left-wing nationalism Secularism	House of Representatives: 0 / 130 Senate: 0 / 75
Kazakhstan	Communist Party of Kazakhstan Қазақстан Коммунистік партиясы / Qazaqstan Kommunistık Partiasy Коммунистическая партия Казахстана	ҚКП / QKP КПК	Toleubek Makhzhanov	16 October 1991	Marxism-Leninism Soviet patriotism	Banned
Kazakhstan	Socialist Movement of Kazakhstan Қазақстанның Социалистік Қозғалысы / Qazaqstannıñ Socïalïstik Qozğalısı Социалистическое Движение Казахстана	ҚСҚ / QSQ СДК	Ainur Kurmanov	20–21 May 2006	Marxism-Leninism	Banned
Kenya	Communist Party of Kenya	CPK	Mwandawiro Mgangah^[3]	1992	Marxism–Leninism Pan-Africanism Maoism Social democracy (until 2019)	National Assembly: 0 / 349 Senate: 0 / 67
Kuwait	Kuwaiti Progressive Movement الحركة التقدمية الكويتية				Anti-capitalism Anti-imperialism Socialism Marxism-Leninism	National Assembly: 0 / 64
Kyrgyzstan	Party of Communists of Kyrgyzstan Кыргызстан Коммунисттеринин Партиясы Партия Коммунистов Киргизии	PKK ПКК	Iskhak Masaliyev	22 June 1992	Marxism-Leninism Soviet patriotism	Supreme Council: 0 / 90
Kyrgyzstan	Communist Party of Kyrgyzstan Кыргызстан Коммунисттик партиясы Коммунистическая Партия Киргизстана	KPK КПК	Clara Azhibekovna	29 August 1999	Marxism-Leninism	Supreme Council: 0 / 90
Latvia	Socialist Party of Latvia Latvijas Sociālistiskā partija	LSP	Vladimirs Frolovs	15 January 1994	Marxism-Leninism	Saeima: 0 / 100
Lebanon	Lebanese Communist Party الحزب الشيوعي اللبناني Parti communiste libanais	LCP PCL	Hanna Gharib	1924	Marxism-Leninism Nonsectarianism Socialism Anti-Zionism	Parliament: 1 / 128
Lebanon	Communist Action Organization in Lebanon منظمة العمل الشيوعي في لبنان‎ Organisation de l'Action Communiste du Liban	CAOL OACL	Zaki Taha	1970	Marxism-Leninism Maoism	Parliament: 0 / 128
Lesotho	Communist Party of Lesotho Mokhatlo oa Makomonisi a Lesotho	CPL	Manny Stevenson	5 May 1962	Marxism-Leninism	National Assembly: 0 / 120 Senate: 0 / 33
Lithuania	Socialist People's Front Socialistinis liaudies frontas	SLF	Giedrius Grabauskas	2009	Marxism-Leninism Democratic socialism Left-wing nationalism Socialism	Seimas: 0 / 141
Lithuania	Communist Party of Lithuania Lietuvos komunistų partija	LKP	vacant	1 October 1918	Marxism-Leninism Soviet patriotism	Banned	Banned in Lithuania following the 1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt, continues to operate underground
Luxembourg	Communist Party of Luxembourg Kommunistesch Partei vu Lëtzebuerg Parti Communiste Luxembourgeois Kommunistische Partei Luxemburgs	KPL PCL	Ali Ruckert	2 January 1921	Marxism-Leninism Hard Euroscepticism	Chamber of Deputies: 0 / 60
Madagascar	Congress Party for the Independence of Madagascar Antoko'ny Kongresi'ny Fahaleovantenan'i Madagasikara	AKFM		8 November 1958	Marxism	National Assembly: 0 / 151 Senate: 0 / 18	Member of the ruling National Front for the Defense of the Revolution from 1976 to 1989
Mali	Malian Party of Labour Parti malien du travail	PMT		1965	Marxism-Leninism Hoxhaism	National Assembly: 0 / 147	Member of the Alliance for Democracy in Mali since 1990
Mali	African Solidarity for Democracy and Independence Solidarité Africaine pour la Démocratie et l'Indépendance	SADI	Oumar Mariko	1996	Marxism-Leninism Pan-Africanism	National Assembly: 3 / 147
Malta	Communist Party of Malta Partit Komunista Malti	PKM	Victor Degiovanni	1969	Marxism-Leninism	House of Representatives: 0 / 79
Martinique	Martinican Communist Party Parti communiste martiniquais	PCM	Georges Erichot	September 1957	Autonomism	Assembly of Martinique: 0 / 51
Martinique	Communist Party for Independence and Socialism Parti Communiste pour l'Indépendance et le Socialisme Pati Kominis pou Lendépandans èk Sosyalism	PCLS PKLS		22 May 1984	Marxism–Leninism Martinican independence	Assembly of Martinique: 0 / 51
Mexico	Popular Socialist Party of Mexico Partido Popular Socialista de México	PPSM	Cuauhtémoc Amezcua Dromundo	1997	Marxism–Leninism Anti-imperialism Latin American integration	Chamber of Deputies: 0 / 500 Senate of the Republic: 0 / 128	Not registered or recognized by the Instituto Nacional Electoral
	Communist Party of Mexico Partido Comunista de México	PCM	Pável Blanco Cabrera	20 November 1994	Marxism–Leninism	Chamber of Deputies: 0 / 500 Senate of the Republic: 0 / 128
	Communist Party of Mexico (Marxist–Leninist) Partido Comunista de México (Marxista-Leninista)	PCM (ML)		1978	Marxism–Leninism Stalinism Hoxhaism Anti-revisionism	Chamber of Deputies: 0 / 500 Senate of the Republic: 0 / 128
	Communists' Party Partido de los Comunistas	PdelosC	Luis Alfonso Vargas Silva	2003	Marxism–Leninism	Chamber of Deputies: 0 / 500 Senate of the Republic: 0 / 128
Moldova	Party of Communists of the Republic of Moldova Partidul Comuniștilor din Republica Moldova	PCRM	Vladimir Voronin	22 October 1993	Marxism–Leninism Social conservatism Soviet patriotism Moldovenism Pro-Russia	Parliament: 8 / 101	Member of BECS
Montenegro	Yugoslav Communist Party of Montenegro Jugoslovenska komunistička partija Југословенска комунистичка партија	JKP CG / ЈКП-ЦГ	Radislav Stanišić	25 September 2009	Titoism Pensioners' rights Yugo-nostalgia	Parliament: 0 / 81
Morocco	Democratic Way النهج الديمقراطي		Abdallah El Harif	1995	Marxism Anti-imperialism Anti-revisionism Hoxhaism	House of Representatives: 0 / 395 House of Councillors: 0 / 120
Myanmar	Communist Party of Burma ဗမာပြည်ကွန်မြူနစ်ပါတီ	CPB		15 August 1939	Marxism-Leninism Mao-Zedong-Thought Federalism	Banned	Led the Communist insurgency in Burma from 1948 to 1989. Rearmed itself in 2021 and is currently engaged in guerrilla warfare against the State Administration Council
Namibia	Workers Revolutionary Party	WRP	Collective leadership	May 1989	Trotskyism	National Assembly: 0 / 104 National Council: 0 / 42
Nepal	Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist) नेपाल कम्युनिष्ट पार्टी (एकीकृत मार्क्सवादी-लेनिनवादी)	CPN (UML) नेकपा (एमाले)	K. P. Sharma Oli	6 January 1991 (1991-01-06)	Marxism–Leninism People's Multiparty Democracy	House of Representatives: 78 / 275 National Assembly: 17 / 59	Merged with the CPN (MC) to form the Nepal Communist Party in 2018, refounded in 2021
	Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist–Leninist) नेपाल कम्युनिष्ट पार्टी (मार्क्सवादी-लेनिनवादी)	CPN (ML)	C. P. Mainali	17 February 2002	Marxism-Leninism	House of Representatives: 0 / 275 National Assembly: 0 / 59
	Nepal Majdoor Kisan Party नेपाल मजदुर किसान पार्टी	NWPP	Narayan Man Bijukchhe	23 January 1975	Marxism-Leninism Maoism Juche	House of Representatives: 1 / 275 National Assembly: 0 / 59
	Communist Party of Nepal (Marxist) नेपाल कम्युनिष्ट पार्टी (मार्क्सवादी)		Durga Prasad Gyawali	2006	Marxism-Leninism	House of Representatives: 0 / 275 National Assembly: 0 / 59
	Communist Party of Nepal (Revolutionary Maoist) नेपाल कम्यूनिष्ट पार्टी (क्रान्तिकारी माओवादी)	CPN (RM)	Mohan Baidya	19 June 2012	Marxism-Leninism-Maoism	House of Representatives: 0 / 275 National Assembly: 0 / 59	Operates underground and participates in elections through a front organization; the Patriotic People's Republican Front
Netherlands	New Communist Party of the Netherlands Nieuwe Communistische Partij Nederlan	NCPN	Job Pruijser	14 November 1992	Marxism–Leninism Euroscepticism	House of Representatives: 0 / 150 Senate: 0 / 75
	United Communist Party Verenigde Communistische Partij	VCP	Engel Modderman	1999	Marxism–Leninism	House of Representatives: 0 / 150 Senate: 0 / 75
	Group of Marxist–Leninists/Red Dawn Groep Marxisten-Lenisten/Rode Morgen	GML/Rode Morgen	Jeroen Toussaint	1977	Marxism–Leninism Maoism Anti-revisionism	House of Representatives: 0 / 150 Senate: 0 / 75
New Zealand	Communist League	The League		1969	Marxism–Leninism	House of Representatives: 0 / 120
Nicaragua	Communist Party of Nicaragua Partido Comunista de Nicaragua	PCdeN; PCN		12 October 1967	Marxism–Leninism	National Assembly: 0 / 90
Nicaragua	Marxist–Leninist Popular Action Movement Movimiento de Acción Popular - Marxista–Leninista	MAP-ML		1972	Marxism–Leninism Hoxhaism Anti-revisionism	National Assembly: 0 / 90
North Macedonia	Communist Party of Macedonia — Tito's forces Комунистичка партија на Македонија — Титови сили	KPM-TS КПМ—ТС	Goran Arsovski	26 October 2005	Marxism-Leninism Titoism	Assembly: 0 / 120
Norway	Communist Party of Norway Norges Kommunistiske Parti	NKP	Runa Evensen	4 November 1923	Marxism-Leninism Hard Euroscepticism	Storting: 0 / 169
Norway	Red Party Rødt	R	Bjørnar Moxnes	11 March 2007	Democratic socialism Revolutionary socialism Marxism	Storting: 8 / 169
Pakistan	Communist Party of Pakistan کمیونسٹ پارٹی آف پاکستان	CPP	Imdad Qazi	6 March 1948	Marxism-Leninism	National Assembly: 0 / 342 Senate: 0 / 100	Not registered with the Election Commission of Pakistan
Pakistan	Mazdoor Kisan Party مزدور کسان پارٹی	MKP	Afzal Khamosh	1 May 1968	Marxism-Leninism Maoism	National Assembly: 0 / 342 Senate: 0 / 100
Palestine	Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine الجبهة الشعبية لتحرير فلسطين	PFLP	Ahmad Sa'adat	11 December 1967 (1967-12-11)	Palestinian nationalism Marxism–Leninism Revolutionary socialism Secularism Anti-imperialism Pan-Arabism Arab nationalism One-state solution Anti-zionism	Legislative Council: 3 / 132	Member of the PLO, opposed to the Hamas government of the Gaza Strip
	Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine الجبهة الشعبية لتحرير فلسطين	DFLP	Nayef Hawatmeh	1969 (1969)	Marxism–Leninism Maoism Palestinian nationalism Left-wing nationalism Anti-Zionism	Legislative Council: 1 / 132
	Palestinian People's Party حزب الشعب الفلسطيني	PPP	Bassam Al-Salhi	February 1982 (1982-02)	Marxism Palestinian nationalism Left-wing nationalism	Legislative Council: 1 / 132
	Palestinian Communist Party الحزب الشیوعي الفلسطیني		Mahmoud Saadeh	December 1991	Marxism-Leninism Palestinian nationalism	Legislative Council: 0 / 132
Panama	Communist Party (Marxist-Leninist) of Panama Partido Comunista (marxista-leninista) de Panamá	PC(ml)P		January 9, 1980	Marxism-Leninism Maoism Anti-revisionism	National Assembly: 0 / 71
Panama	November 29 National Liberation Movement Movimiento de Liberación Nacional 29 de noviembre	MLN-29		July 29, 1970	Marxism Anti-imperialism	National Assembly: 0 / 71
Paraguay	Paraguayan Communist Party Partido Comunista Paraguayo	PCP	Najeeb Amado	19 February 1928	Marxism-Leninism	Chamber of Deputies: 0 / 80 Senate: 0 / 45
	Partido Patria Libre	PPL		3 February 1990	Marxism–Leninism Guevarism Foco theory Socialist patriotism Anti-imperialism Revolutionary socialism	Chamber of Deputies: 0 / 80 Senate: 0 / 45
	Paraguayan Communist Party (independent) Partido Comunista Paraguayo (independiente)	PCP(i)		1967	Marxism-Leninism Maoism Anti-revisionism	Chamber of Deputies: 0 / 80 Senate: 0 / 45
Peru	Peruvian Communist Party Partido Comunista Peruano	PCP	Luis Villanueva	9 April 1928 (1928-04-09)	Marxism–Leninism Mariáteguism	Congress: 0 / 130	Member of Together for Peru, which participated in the Free Peru-led government
	Communist Party of Peru – Red Fatherland Partido Comunista del Perú – Patria Roja	PCP-PR	Alberto Moreno	1970 (1970)	Marxism–Leninism Mariáteguism Socialist patriotism Anti-revisionism	Congress: 0 / 130
	Free Peru^[4] Perú Libre	PL	Vladimir Cerron	13 August 2008 (2008-08-13)	Socialism Marxism–Leninism Mariáteguism	Congress: 32 / 130
	Peruvian Communist Party (Marxist–Leninist) Partido Comunista Peruano (Marxista–Leninista)	PCP (ML)		January 1964	Marxism-Leninism Stalinism Hoxhaism Anti-revisionism Maoism (until 1970s)	Congress: 0 / 130
	Shining Path Sendero Luminoso	PCP; PCP-SL		1969	Marxism-Leninism-Maoism Gonzalo Thought Anti-revisionism Revolutionary socialism	Banned	Designated a terrorist organization by the government of Peru
Philippines	Communist Party of the Philippines Partido Komunista ng Pilipinas	CPP	Benito Tiamzon (alleged) (deceased)	26 December 1968	National democracy Marxism-Leninism-Maoism	Banned	Participant in the ongoing communist rebellion in the Philippines, designated a terrorist organization by the government of the Philippines and the United States Department of State
	Philippine Communist Party-1930 Partido Komunista ng Pilipinas-1930	PKP-1930	Antonio E. Paris	7 November 1930	Marxism-Leninism Democratic socialism	House of Representatives: 0 / 316 Senate: 0 / 24
	Marxist–Leninist Party of the Philippines Partido Marxista–Leninista ng Pilipinas	MLPP		1998	Marxism-Leninism	Banned	Participant in the ongoing communist rebellion in the Philippines
Poland	Polish Communist Party Komunistyczna Partia Polski	KPP	Krzysztof Szwej	9 October 2002	Marxism-Leninism Stalinism Anti-revisionism Hard Euroscepticism Anti-clericalism	Sejm: 0 / 460 Senate: 0 / 100
Portugal	Portuguese Communist Party Partido Comunista Português	PCP	Collective leadership	6 March 1921	Marxism-Leninism Anti-revisionism Hard Euroscepticism	Assembly of the Republic: 6 / 230
	Portuguese Workers' Communist Party Partido Comunista dos Trabalhadores Portugueses	PCTP/MRPP	Maria Cidália Guerreiro	1970	Marxism-Leninism Maoism Anti-revisionism	Assembly of the Republic: 0 / 230
	Revolutionary Party of the Proletariat – Bases for Revolution Partido Revolucionário do Proletariado - Bases pela Revolução	PRP-BR	Luis Cardoso	17 July 2002	Marxism Guevarism	Assembly of the Republic: 0 / 230	Founded as a successor to the Revolutionary Party of the Proletariat - Revolutionary Brigades
Puerto Rico	Communist Party of Puerto Rico Partido Comunista de Puerto Rico	PCPR		2010	Marxism-Leninism Anti-imperialism Puerto Rican Independence	House: 0 / 51 Senate: 0 / 27
Réunion	Communist Party of Réunion Parti Communiste Réunionnais	PCR	Élie Hoarau	1959	Post-Marxism Regionalism	National Assembly: 0 / 577 Senate: 1 / 348
Romania	Communitarian Party of Romania Partidul Comunitar din România	PCDR	Petre Ignatencu	19 March 2010	Communitarianism Progressivism Anti-imperialism Anti-Americanism Anti-capitalism	Chamber of Deputies: 0 / 330 Senate: 0 / 136
Romania	Romanian Socialist Party Partidul Socialist Român	PSR	Constantin Rotaru	July 2003	Eurocommunism Progressivism Equality feminism Left-wing nationalism Anti-NATO European federalism Pro-Europeanism	Chamber of Deputies: 0 / 330 Senate: 0 / 136
Russia	Communist Party of the Russian Federation Коммунистическая Партия Российской Федерации	CPRF КПРФ	Gennady Zyuganov	14 February 1993 (1993-02-14)	Marxism–Leninism Left-wing nationalism Soviet patriotism Social conservatism Neo-Stalinism	State Duma: 57 / 450 Federation Council: 4 / 178
	Left Front Левый фронт		Sergei Udaltsov	18 October 2008	Marxism–Leninism Anti-fascism Anti-nationalism Anti-liberalism Anti-capitalism Internationalism	State Duma: 1 / 450 Federation Council: 0 / 178
	Russian Communist Workers' Party of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union Российская коммунистическая рабочая партия в составе Коммунистической партии Советского Союза	RCWP-CPSU РКРП-КПСС	Stepan Malentsov	27 October 2001	Marxism–Leninism Stalinism Anti-revisionism	State Duma: 0 / 450 Federation Council: 0 / 178
	Russian Labour Front Российский трудовой фронт	RTF РТФ	Alexander Batov	22 February 2010	Marxism–Leninism	State Duma: 0 / 450 Federation Council: 0 / 178
	Russian Maoist Party Российская маоистская партия	RMP РМП	Collective leadership	9 June 2000	Marxism–Leninism–Maoism Anti-revisionism Proletarian internationalism Feminism	State Duma: 0 / 450 Federation Council: 0 / 178
	Labour Russia Трудовая Россия	LR ТР	Stanislav Ruzanov	7 November 1991	Marxism–Leninism Stalinism Soviet patriotism Direct democracy Left-wing nationalism	State Duma: 0 / 450 Federation Council: 0 / 178
	Russian Party of Freedom and Justice Российская партия свободы и справедливости	RPSS РПСС	Konstantin Rykov	8 April 2012	Social democracy Russian nationalism	State Duma: 0 / 450 Federation Council: 0 / 178
	Communists of Russia Коммунисты России	CPCR РПСС	Sergey Malinkovich	23 May 2009	Marxism–Leninism Stalinism Anti-revisionism	State Duma: 0 / 450 Federation Council: 0 / 178
Serbia	New Communist Party of Yugoslavia Нова комунистичка партија Југославије / Nova Komunistička Partija Jugoslavije	NKPJ НKПЈ	Aleksandar Banjanac	30 June 1990	Marxism–Leninism Stalinism Anti-revisionism Yugoslavism Russophilia	National Assembly: 0 / 250
Serbia	Party of Labour Партија рада / Partija rada	PR ПР	Collective leadership	28 March 1992	Marxism–Leninism	National Assembly: 0 / 250
Slovakia	Communist Party of Slovakia Komunistická strana Slovenska	KSS	Jozef Hrdlička	29 August 1992	Marxism–Leninism	National Council: 0 / 150
Slovakia	Dawn Úsvit		Luciana Hoptová	25 May 2005	Marxism	National Council: 0 / 150
South Africa	Economic Freedom Fighters	EFF	Julius Malema	26 July 2013	Marxism–Leninism Fanonism Sankarism Anti-imperialism Pan-Africanism Black nationalism Anti-Zionism Left-wing populism Anti-capitalism	National Assembly: 44 / 400 National Council of Provinces: 11 / 90	Currently the third-largest party in both houses of the South African Parliament.
South Africa	Socialist Revolutionary Workers Party	SRWP	Irvin Jim	March 2019	Marxism-Leninism	National Assembly: 0 / 400 National Council of Provinces: 0 / 90
South Ossetia	Communist Party of South Ossetia Хуссар Ирыстоны Коммунистон парти	CPSO ХИКп	Stanislav Kochiev	1993	Marxism–Leninism Soviet patriotism	Parliament: 1 / 34
South Sudan	Communist Party of South Sudan	CPSS	Joseph Wol Modesto	June 2011	Marxism–Leninism	National Legislative Assembly: 0 / 400 Council of States: 0 / 100
Spain	Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain Partido Comunista de los Pueblos de España	PCPE	Julio Díaz	15 January 1984	Marxism–Leninism Hard Euroscepticism Internationalism Anti-capitalism	Congress of Deputies: 0 / 350 Senate: 0 / 263
	Communist Party of Spain (Marxist–Leninist) Partido Comunista de España (marxista-leninista)	PCE (m-l)		2006	Marxism–Leninism Stalinism Hoxhaism Anti-revisionism Republicanism	Congress of Deputies: 0 / 350 Senate: 0 / 263
	Communist Party of Spain (Reconstituted) Partido Comunista de España (Reconstituido)	PCE(r)	Manuel Pérez Martínez	1975	Marxism–Leninism Republicanism Maoism (until 1990s)	Banned	Banned in 2003 due to links to the First of October Anti-Fascist Resistance Groups. Inactive as of 2006, though not officially dissolved.
	Marxist–Leninist Party (Communist Reconstruction) Partido Marxista–Leninista (Reconstrucción Comunista)	PML(RC) / RC	Roberto Vaquero Arribas	6 October 2014	Marxism–Leninism Anti-revisionism Anti-fascism Republicanism Proletarian internationalism	Congress of Deputies: 0 / 350 Senate: 0 / 263	Temporarily banned from December 2014 to 2017 due to alleged links to the Kurdistan Workers' Party.
	Communist Unification of Spain Unificación Comunista de España	UCE		1973	Marxism–Leninism Mao Zedong thought	Congress of Deputies: 0 / 350 Senate: 0 / 263
	Spanish Communist Workers' Party Partido Comunista Obrero Español	PCOE	Francisco Barjas	1973	Marxism–Leninism Stalinism Anti-revisionism Anti-fascism Republicanism	Congress of Deputies: 0 / 350 Senate: 0 / 263
	Revolutionary Communist Party Partido Comunista Revolucionario	PCR		1994	Marxism–Leninism–Maoism Anti-revisionism Maoism	Congress of Deputies: 0 / 350 Senate: 0 / 263
	Marxist–Leninist Front of the Peoples of Spain Frente Marxista-Leninista de los Pueblos de España	F(M-L)PE	Gregorio Fernandez Lopez	1987	Marxism–Leninism	Congress of Deputies: 0 / 350 Senate: 0 / 263
	Democratic Labour Party Partido del Trabajo Democrático	PTD	Miguel Ángel Villalón	2013	Marxism–Leninism Republicanism Feminism	Congress of Deputies: 0 / 350 Senate: 0 / 263
	Living Unified Socialist Party of Catalonia Partit Socialista Unificat de Catalunya Viu Partido Socialista Unificado de Cataluña Vivo	PSUC Viu	Collective leadership	June 1997	Republicanism Federalism	Parliament of Catalonia: 0 / 135	Regional party active in Catalonia
	United and Alternative Left Esquerra Unida i Alternativa Izquierda Unida y Alternativa	EUiA	Joan Josep Nuet	1998	Marxism Ecologism Catalan self-determination Republicanism	Parliament of Catalonia: 0 / 135	Regional party active in Catalonia
	Galician People's Union Unión do Povo Galego Unión del Pueblo Gallego	UPG	Néstor Rego	November 1963	Marxism-Leninism Galician nationalism	Parliament of Galicia: 4 / 75	Regional party active in Galicia. Member of the Galician Nationalist Bloc.
	Galician Movement for Socialism Movemento Galego ao Socialismo Movimiento Gallego al Socialismo	MGS	Rafa Villar	2009	Galician nationalism Galician self-determination Euroscepticism Feminism	Parliament of Galicia: 1 / 75
	Galician People's Front Frente Popular Galega Frente Popular Gallego	FPG	Mariano Abalo	1986	Marxism-Leninism Galician self-determination	Parliament of Galicia: 0 / 75	Regional party active in Galicia
Sudan	Sudanese Communist Party	SCP	Muhammad Mukhtar Al-Khatib	1946	Marxism–Leninism	Transitional Legislative Council: 0 / 300
Sweden	Communist Party of Sweden Sveriges Kommunistiska Parti	SKP	Andreas Sörensen	1977	Marxism–Leninism Hard Euroscepticism	Riksdag: 0 / 349
Sweden	Communist Party Kommunistiska partiet	K	Povel Johansson	1970	Marxism–Leninism Anti-revisionism	Riksdag: 0 / 349
Switzerland	Communist Party Partito Comunista	PC	Massimiliano Arif Ay	May 1944	Marxism–Leninism	National Council: 0 / 200 Council of States: 0 / 46	Currently only active in Ticino and the Grisons
Switzerland	Swiss Party of Labour Partei der Arbeit der Schweiz Parti Suisse du Travail – Parti Ouvrier et Populaire Partito Svizzero del Lavoro – Partito Operaio e Popolare	PdA PST-POP PdL-POP	Norberto Crivelli	14 October 1944	Marxism Socialism	National Council: 1 / 200 Council of States: 0 / 46
Sri Lanka	Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna ජනතා විමුක්ති පෙරමුණ மக்கள் விடுதலை முன்னணி	JVP ජවිපේ ஜே.வி.பி.	Anura Kumara Dissanayake	14 May 1965	Marxism–Leninism Anti-revisionism Revolutionary socialism Anti-imperialism Progressivism	Parliament: 3 / 225
	Communist Party of Sri Lanka ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ කොමියුනිස්ට් පක්ෂය இலங்கை கம்யூனிஸ்ட் கட்சி	CPSL ශ්‍රීලංකොප இ.க.க.	G. Weerasinghe	1943	Marxism–Leninism	Parliament: 1 / 225	Part of various different coalition governments from 1970–1975, 1994–2000, 2004–2015 and 2020–2022
	Lanka Sama Samaja Party ලංකා සම සමාජ පක්ෂය லங்கா சமசமாஜக் கட்சி	LSSP ලසසප ல.ச.ச.க.	Tissa Vitharana	18 December 1935	Trotskyism	Parliament: 1 / 225
	Ceylon Communist Party (Maoist) ලංකා කොමියුනිස්ට් පක්ෂය (මාඕවාදී) சிலோன் கம்யூனிஸ்ட் கட்சி (மாவோயிஸ்ட்)	CCP (Maoist)		1964	Marxism–Leninism Mao Zedong Thought Anti-revisionism	Parliament: 0 / 225
	Socialist Equality Party සමාජවාදී සමානතා පක්ෂය சோசலிச சமத்துவக் கட்சி	SEP සසප சோ.ச.க.	Deepal Jayasekera	1964	Trotskyism	Parliament: 0 / 225
	Socialist Party of Sri Lanka ශ්‍රී ලංකා සමාජවාදී පක්ෂය இலங்கை சோசலிச கட்சி	SPSL		2006	Marxism Trotskyism	Parliament: 0 / 225
	United Socialist Party එක්සත් සමාජවාදි පකෂය ஐக்கிய சோசலிச கட்சி	USP එසප ஐ.சோ.க.	Siritunga Jayasuriya	2006	Marxism Trotskyism	Parliament: 0 / 225
	New Democratic Marxist–Leninist Party නව-ප්‍රජාතන්ත්‍රවාදී මාක්ස්-ලෙනින්වාදී පක්ෂය புதிய-ஜனநாயக மார்க்சிச-லெனினிச கட்சி	NDMLP නප්‍රමාලෙප பு.ஜ.மா.லெ.க.	S. K. Senthivel	3 July 1978	Marxism-Leninism Mao Zedong Thought Anti-revisionism	Parliament: 0 / 225
	Frontline Socialist Party පෙරටුගාමී සමාජවාදී පක්ෂය முன்னிலை சோசலிசக் கட்சி	FLSP පෙසප மு.சோ.க.	Premakumar Gunaratnam	9 April 2012	Marxism-Leninism Anti-imperialism Revolutionary socialism	Parliament: 0 / 225
Syria	People's Will Party حزب الإرادة الشعبية	PWP	Collective leadership	2012	Marxism-Leninism	People's Assembly: 0 / 250
Syria	Communist Action Party حزب العمل الشيوعي		Fateh Jamous	August 1976	Marxism-Leninism	Banned
Taiwan	Taiwan People's Communist Party 臺灣人民共產黨	TPCP	Lin Te-wang	4 February 2017	Chinese unification Socialism with Chinese characteristics	Legislative Yuan: 0 / 113
Tajikistan	Communist Party of Tajikistan	KPT		6 December 1924	Marxism–Leninism Soviet patriotism
Togo	Communist Party of Togo	PCT		4 May 1980	Hoxhaism Marxism-Leninism Anti-revisionism
Transnistria	Transnistrian Communist Party	PKP	Nadezhda Bondarenko	20 April 2003	Marxism–Leninism Soviet patriotism
Tunisia	Workers' Party		Hamma Hammami	January 3 1986	Marxism-Leninism Hoxhaism Pan-Arabism
Tunisia	Democratic Patriots' Unified Party		Ziad Lakhdar	1982	Marxism-Leninism Anti-revisionism Maoism Arab nationalism Anti-Islamism
Turkey	Communist Party of Turkey	TKP	Kemal Okuyan	11 November 2001	Marxism–Leninism	Grand National Assembly: 0 / 600
	Workers' Party of Turkey	TİP	Erkan Baş	7 November 2001	Marxism–Leninism Left-wing populism Progressivism	Grand National Assembly: 4 / 600
	Labour Party	EMEP	Selma Gürkan	25 November 1996	Marxism–Leninism Hoxhaism Anti-revisionism	Grand National Assembly: 2 / 600
	Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist–Leninist	TKP/ML		24 April 1972	Marxism–Leninism–Maoism	Banned
	Marxist–Leninist Communist Party	MLKP		10 September 1994	Marxism–Leninism Anti-revisionism Hoxhaism
	Communist Labour Party of Turkey/Leninist	TKEP/L		1 September 1990	Marxism–Leninism
	Communist Workers Party of Turkey	TKİP		November 1998	Marxism-Leninism
	Maoist Communist Party	MKP		15 September 2002	Marxism–Leninism–Maoism
	Revolutionary People's Liberation Party/Front	DHKP/C		30 March 1994	Marxism-Leninism Guevarism Foco theory Socialist patriotism Revolutionary socialism
	Communist Party of Kurdistan	KKP		1982	Kurdish self-determination
	Bolshevik Party (North Kurdistan – Turkey)	BP (KK-T)		1981	Marxism-Leninism Anti-revisionism
Turkmenistan	Communist Party of Turkmenistan	TKP		1998	Marxism–Leninism Soviet patriotism	Banned
Ukraine	Communist Party of Ukraine Комуністична партія України Коммунистическая партия Украины	KPU КПУ	Petro Symonenko	19 June 1993	Marxism–Leninism Left-wing populism Soviet patriotism Pro-Russia Social conservatism	Banned	Banned in 2015 under Ukraine's decommunization laws, continues to operate underground
Ukraine	Union of Communists of Ukraine Союз комуністів України Союз коммунистов Украины	SKU СКУ		December 19, 1992	Marxism–Leninism Anti-revisionism Stalinism	Banned
United Kingdom	Communist Party of Britain	CPB	Robert Griffiths	1988	Marxism–Leninism Britain's Road to Socialism
	Communist Party of Britain (Marxist–Leninist)	CPB-ML		1968	Marxism-Leninism Hard Euroscepticism Hoxhaism Maoism (until 1979)
	Communist Party of Great Britain (Marxist–Leninist)	CPGB-ML	Ella Rule	July 3, 2004	Marxism-Leninism Stalinism Anti-revisionism Hard Euroscepticism
	Communist Party of Great Britain (Provisional Central Committee)	CPGB (PCC)		1991	Leninism Anti-Stalinism
	New Communist Party of Britain	NCP	Andy Brooks	1977	Marxism-Leninism Stalinism Anti-revisionism Hard Euroscepticism
	Revolutionary Communist Party of Britain (Marxist–Leninist)	CPE (ML)		1979	Marxism-Leninism Hoxhaism Anti-revisionism
	Revolutionary Communist Group	RCG		1974	Marxism-Leninism Anti-imperialism
	Communist League
United States	Communist Party USA	CPUSA	Collective leadership (National Convention)	1 September 1919	Marxism-Leninism Bill of Rights socialism	House of Representatives: 0 / 435 Senate: 0 / 100
	Party for Socialism and Liberation	PSL	Collective leadership	June 2004	Marxism–Leninism Revolutionary socialism Anti-imperialism	House of Representatives: 0 / 435 Senate: 0 / 100
	Socialist Alternative	SA	Collective leadership	April 1986	Marxism Revolutionary socialism Trotskyism	House of Representatives: 0 / 435 Senate: 0 / 100
	Socialist Equality Party	SEP	David North	September 1964	Revolutionary socialism Trotskyism	House of Representatives: 0 / 435 Senate: 0 / 100
	Workers World Party	WWP	Larry Holmes	1959	Marxism-Leninism Proletarian internationalism	House of Representatives: 0 / 435 Senate: 0 / 100
	Socialist Workers Party	SWP	Jack Barnes	January 1938	Marxism Castroism	House of Representatives: 0 / 435 Senate: 0 / 100
	Socialist Action		Jeff Mackler	1983	Trotskyism	House of Representatives: 0 / 435 Senate: 0 / 100
Uruguay	Revolutionary Communist Party of Uruguay Partido Comunista Revolucionario	PCR	Ricardo Cohen	1972	Marxism–Leninism–Maoism	Chamber of Representatives: 0 / 99 Senate: 0 / 30
Uzbekistan	Communist Party of Uzbekistan Ўзбекистон коммунистик партияси / Oʻzbekiston kommunistik partiyasi Коммунистическая партия Узбекистана	КПУз / OʻzKP СДК	Kaxramon Mahmudov	1994	Marxism–Leninism Socialism Soviet patriotism Anti-clericalism	Banned	Banned immediately after attempting to register with Uzbekistan's Central Election Commission
Venezuela	Communist Party of Venezuela Partido Comunista de Venezuela	PCV	Óscar Figuera	5 March 1931	Marxism–Leninism	National Assembly: 1 / 277
	Marxist–Leninist Communist Party of Venezuela Partido Comunista Marxista Leninista de Venezuela	PCMLV		2009	Marxism–Leninism Stalinism Hoxhaism Anti-revisionism Anti-imperialism Anti-Chavismo	National Assembly: 0 / 277
	Red Flag Party Partido Bandera Roja	BR	Gabriel Puerta Aponte	20 January 1970	Marxism–Leninism Anti-revisionism Anti-Chavismo	National Assembly: 0 / 277
	Revolutionary Movement Tupamaro (Popular Revolutionary Alternative) Movimiento Revolucionario Tupamaro	MRT		1992 (1992)	Marxism-Leninism Guevarism Foco theory Left-wing nationalism Revolutionary socialism	National Assembly: 0 / 277	Section of the party supporting the Popular Revolutionary Alternative

All-Union Communist Party, All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks), Communist Party of the Soviet Union, Bolshevik Platform of the KPSS[17]

Formerly communist

Country	Before	Turned^[a]	Notes
Angola	Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola	same name	Has abandoned Marxist-Leninism for social democracy
Angola	National Union for the Total Independence of Angola	same name	Abandoned Marxism-Leninism for social democracy and then for social conservatism
Brazil	Popular Socialist Party	Cidadania	Has abandoned Marxism-Leninism for social democracy and later social liberalism
Bulgaria	Bulgarian Communist Party	Bulgarian Socialist Party	Has abandoned Marxism-Leninism for social democracy
Cambodia	Kampuchean Revolutionary People's Party	Cambodian People's Party	Has abandoned Marxism-Leninism for centrism
Congo	Congolese Party of Labour	same name	Has abandoned Marxism-Leninism for social democracy
Croatia	League of Communists of Croatia	Social Democratic Party	Has abandoned Marxism-Leninism-Titoism for social democracy
Kazakhstan	Communist People's Party of Kazakhstan	People's Party of Kazakhstan	Has abandoned Marxism-Leninism for democratic socialism
Madagascar	Vanguard of the Malagasy Revolution	Malagasy Revolutionary Party	Has abandoned Marxism-Leninism for social democracy
Mongolia	Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party	Mongolian People's Party	Has abandoned Marxist-Leninism for social democracy
Montenegro	League of Communists of Montenegro	Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro	Has abandoned Marxism-Leninism-Titoism for social democracy and later neoliberalism
Morocco	Party of Progress and Socialism	same name	Has abandoned Marxism-Leninism for democratic socialism
Mozambique	FRELIMO	same name	Has abandoned Marxism-Leninism for democratic socialism
Serbia	League of Communists of Serbia	Socialist Party of Serbia	Has abandoned Marxism-Leninism-Titoism for social democracy
Slovenia	League of Communists of Slovenia	Social Democrats	Has abandoned Marxism-Leninism-Titoism for social democracy
Yemen	Yemeni Socialist Party	same name	Has abandoned Marxism-Leninism for social democracy

Defunct

Once ruling

State	Defunct Party	Notes
Afghanistan	People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan
Albania	Party of Labour of Albania	Succeeded by Socialist Party of Albania
Benin	People's Revolutionary Party of Benin
Bulgaria	Bulgarian Communist Party	Succeeded by the Bulgarian Socialist Party
Cambodia	Communist Party of Kampuchea
Czechoslovakia	Communist Party of Czechoslovakia	Czech Republic branch became the Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia, and the Slovak branch became the Party of the Democratic Left
Ethiopia	Workers' Party of Ethiopia
Germany
Grenada	New Jewel Movement
Hungary	Hungarian Working People's Party
Hungary	Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party	Became the Hungarian Socialist Party
Poland	Polish United Workers' Party
Romania	Romanian Communist Party
Somalia	Somali Revolutionary Socialist Party
Soviet Union	Communist Party of the Soviet Union	Formerly the Bolshevik faction of the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party
Yugoslavia	League of Communists of Yugoslavia

Non-ruling

Armenia – Armenian Workers Communist Party, Armenian Workers Union, Marxist Party of Armenia, Union of Communists of Armenia, Renewed Communist Party of Armenia
Australia – Communist Party of Australia
Barbados- Workers Party of Barbados
Basque Country – Auzolan, Communist Movement of Euskadi, Communist Party of the Basque Homelands, Euskadiko Sozialisten Batasuna, Euskal Herriko Alderdi Sozialista, Euskal Iraultzarako Alderdia, Eusko Alderdi Sozialista, Herriko Alderdi Sozialista, Navarrese Left Union, Party of the Revolutionary Patriotic Workers, People's Socialist Revolutionary Party
Belgium – Union of Marxist–Leninist Communists of Belgium, founded in 1970^[5]^[6]
Belgium – Communist Party of Belgium – Marxist–Leninist, founded in 1976.
Brazil – Free Homeland Party
Bulgaria – Bulgarian Communist Party – Marxists
Burkina Faso – African Independence Party (Burkina Faso), Burkinabé Bolshevik Party, Burkinabé Communist Group, Marxist–Leninist Group, Organization for Popular Democracy – Labour Movement, Party for Democracy and Socialism, Party of Labour of Burkina, Patriotic League for Development, Union of Burkinabé Communists, Union of Communist Struggles, Union of Communist Struggles – Reconstructed, Union of Communist Struggles – The Flame, Voltaic Communist Organization
Catalonia – Catalan State-Proletarian Party, Unified Socialist Party of Catalonia, Socialist Party of National Liberation, Party of the Communists of Catalonia
Canada – Labor-Progressive Party (legal front of the Communist Party of Canada from 1943 to 1959), Workers' Communist Party of Canada
Channel Islands – Jersey Communist Party
Chile – Chilean Communist Party (Proletarian Action), Revolutionary Left Movement
Colombia – Workers Revolutionary Party of Colombia
Costa Rica – Costa Rican People's Party
Cyprus – Communist Party of Cyprus
Cuba – Popular Socialist Party, joined Cuban Communist Party
El Salvador – Communist Party of El Salvador, merged into the FMLN
Eswatini – Swaziland Communist Party
Gambia – Gambia Socialist Revolutionary Party
Georgia – Revived Communist Party of Georgia, Georgian Workers Communist Party
Germany – Spartacist League formed in 1918 and became the Communist Party of Germany
West Germany – Socialist Unity Party of West Berlin, Communist Party of Germany (banned 1956 in West Germany)
Guatemala – Guatemalan Party of Labour, merged into the URNG
Haiti – Haitian Communist Party, Haitian Workers Party, Unified Party of Haitian Communists, merged into the National Reconstruction Movement in 1990
Honduras – Communist Party of Honduras, merged into the Patriotic Renewal Party
Iceland – Communist Party of Iceland, Communist Party of Iceland (Marxist–Leninist)
India – Indian Communist Party (Sen)
Indonesia – Communist Party of Indonesia
Ireland – Communist Party of Ireland (Marxist–Leninist)
Iraq – Leninist Group in the Iraqi Communist Movement
Israel – Maki (1948–1973) split in 1965 with formation of largely Arab Rakah which changed its name to Maki in 1989
Italy – Communist Party of Italy, Italian Communist Party of the Julian March, Marxist–Leninist Italian Communist Party, Marxist–Leninist Revolutionary Party of Italy, Movement for Peace and Socialism, Movement for the Confederation of the Communists
Lebanon – Lebanese People's Party
Malaysia – Malayan Communist Party, North Kalimantan Communist Party
Mexico – Mexican Communist Party
Moldova – Communist Reformers Party of Moldova
Myanmar – Communist Party (Burma)
Namibia – Communist Party of Namibia
New Caledonia - Communist Party of New Caledonia^[7]
Netherlands – Communist Party of the Netherlands merged into the GroenLinks in 1989, marxist-leninist dissidents within the party formed the NCPN in 1992.
New Zealand – Communist Party of New Zealand, Socialist Unity Party
Nigeria – Nigerian Communist Party, Socialist Workers and Farmers Party of Nigeria
North Korea – Workers' Party of North Korea
Norway – Workers' Communist Party merged into the Red Party
Palestine – Communist Party of Palestine (1921–1948)
Poland – Communist Party of Poland
Saudi Arabia – Communist Party in Saudi Arabia
South Korea – Workers' Party of South Korea
Switzerland – Party of Labour Basel, founded in 1944
Taiwan – Taiwanese Communist Party, China Communist Alliance, Communist Party of the Republic of China, Taiwan Democratic Communist Party
Tatarstan – Communist Party of the Republic of Tatarstan
Thailand – Communist Party of Thailand
Transnistria (unrecognized country) – Communist Party of Transnistria
Trieste – Communist Party of the Free Territory of Trieste, merged into the Italian Communist Party
Trinidad and Tobago – Communist Party of Trinidad and Tobago
United Kingdom – Communist Party of Great Britain, Communist Party of Scotland
United States – Communist Party Marxist–Leninist, May 19th Communist Movement, Communist Workers Party, Black Panther Party, Communist Labor Party of America, International Socialist Organization

Left communist organizations by country

The following is a list of left communist organizations by country which list only those political organizations and parties who officially call themselves left communist ideologically and still exist.

Organisations

Country	Organizations
Ideologically left communist organizations
Italy	International Communist Party Lotta Comunista
Iran	Internationalist Voice
United Kingdom	Communist Workers' Organisation World Revolution
United States	International Communist Party Internationalism Internationalist Workers Group Workers Offensive

Notes

^ Ideologically transformed parties which are currently in power

References

^ "Marxism-Leninism, socialism no longer relevant to PPP – Jagdeo". 2024-05-05. Retrieved 2024-06-30.
^ Abrahamian, Ervand (1982). Iran Between Two Revolutions. Princeton University Press. pp. 234–237. ISBN 0-691-10134-5.
^ "Central Committee".
^ "Peru confirms new moderate-left cabinet". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved 2022-04-12.
^ "Syndicalisme de combat et parti révolutionnaire". Anticapitalist Left (in French). Retrieved 1 April 2020.
^ "Emall NL" (in Dutch). Marxistische universiteit. Archived 15 January 2006 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 1 April 2020.
^ Kurtovitch, Ismet (2000). "A Communist Party in New Caledonia (1941-1948)". The Journal of Pacific History. 35 (2): 163–179. doi:10.1080/002233400445779. JSTOR 25169484. S2CID 153697401.

External links

Leftist Parties of the World (last updated 4 October 2006)
Communist States animation (1850–2016)

[5] Ideologically transformed parties which are currently in power

[trai-1] "Marxism-Leninism, socialism no longer relevant to PPP – Jagdeo". 2024-05-05. Retrieved 2024-06-30.

[2] Abrahamian, Ervand (1982). Iran Between Two Revolutions. Princeton University Press. pp. 234–237. ISBN 0-691-10134-5.

[3] "Central Committee".

[4] "Peru confirms new moderate-left cabinet". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved 2022-04-12.

[6] "Syndicalisme de combat et parti révolutionnaire". Anticapitalist Left (in French). Retrieved 1 April 2020.

[7] "Emall NL" (in Dutch). Marxistische universiteit. Archived 15 January 2006 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 1 April 2020.

[8] Kurtovitch, Ismet (2000). "A Communist Party in New Caledonia (1941-1948)". The Journal of Pacific History. 35 (2): 163–179. doi:10.1080/002233400445779. JSTOR 25169484. S2CID 153697401.

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